Pulmonary Hydatid Cyst in Children: A Single-Institution Experience

Abstract

Objective: Hydatid cysts can occur in any place such as the liver, lung, spleen, kidney, brain, and soft tissue. Pulmonary hydatid cysts are more prone to rupture than liver hydatid cysts. In this study, we aimed to present the demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, radiological findings, surgical findings, type of surgery performed, and postoperative complications of patients with pulmonary hydatid cysts.Materials and method: The files of 94 patients who were operated on for pulmonary hydatid cysts in our clinic between January 2011 and October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups: ruptured pulmonary hydatid cysts and non-ruptured pulmonary hydatid cysts.Results: A total of 120 pulmonary hydatid cysts were detected in 94 patients who were operated on for pulmonary hydatid cysts. Cyst rupture was detected in 63 (52.5%) patients. Rupture was found significantly higher in cysts with a diameter of <10 cm (p=0.005). Complaints of fever and hemoptysis were found significantly higher in the ruptured group. Pneumothorax was detected in six patients after the operation with an average of two months, one of which was the patient who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS).Conclusion: Pulmonary hydatid cyst should be kept in mind in children presenting with lower respiratory tract symptoms in regions where echinococcosis is endemic. Parenchyma-sparing methods should be the first choice in the management of pulmonary hydatid cysts. Patients who develop early postoperative complications should also be followed closely for late impediments.

Pulmonary cystic echinococcosis in a child

“…In certain cases, pharmacological treatment alone may be proposed. 2,5 In conclusion, this case underscores the need for a multidisciplinary approach involving surgery and pharmacological treatment in the management of pediatric pulmonary CE.…”

“…The lungs are the second most prevalent site of hydatid disease, following the liver. 2 Multiple protoscolex develop on the cyst inner surface. Protoscolex, which measures about 120 µm, contains invaginated scolex bearing suckers and hooks of the future adult cestode.…”

Cystic Echinococcosis in Hospitalized Children from Western Romania: A 25-Year Retrospective Study

“…Other studies demonstrated that the lung, rather than the liver, is the most common location for hydatid cysts in children [12,14,47]. Vascularization, negative pressure, and elasticity of the tissue seem to favor the development of cysts in the lung [13,14,61]. Another reason for the higher number of pulmonary cases could be the earlier and louder symptoms of lung cysts observed in children (e.g., cough, chest discomfort), which sometimes push parents to seek medical treatment more quickly [8].…”

“…Usually, cysts develop in the liver (70%) and lungs (20%), yet they can also be found in other organs like the brain, bones, heart, urinary, and genital tract [10,11]. However, in children, lungs are apparently more frequently affected because of the negative pressure, vascularization, and compressibility [12][13][14]. Symptomatology in the early stages of the disease is absent or mild [5].…”

The treatment of the pulmonary hydatid cyst in the Stavropol region

“…Attention should be paid to the fact that the rate of bronchial rupture varied between 21.1 % and 53.1 % [16]. At work [17] result of surgery in 94 children with PHC was carried out. The rupture was detected in 52.5 % of patients with a diameter of HC of <10 cm.…”