Pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma—an atypical clinical presentation

Ramos, Ana; Granado, Joana; Calderón, Ana Isabel; André, Sandra; Nogueira, Fernando

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.11.031

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…KS is a significant opportunistic illness that is typified by severe immunodeficiency and commonly affects patients who are HIV-positive. 8,9 The incidence of KS in the general population is one case per 100,000 people, while in the HIVpositive population, it is one case per 20 people. 17 KS was described in the literature as an uncommon cancer in centraleastern Europe and the Mediterranean in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Viral DNA from HHV-8 is present in all KS. 2,4,5,[7][8][9][10][11] As one of the diseases that characterise acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), KS has a very varied clinical course, ranging from asymptomatic to quickly advancing disease. 3,8,12 Stomatognathic manifestations take the form of violet or purple macules, papules, or tumours.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,4,5,[7][8][9][10][11] As one of the diseases that characterise acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), KS has a very varied clinical course, ranging from asymptomatic to quickly advancing disease. 3,8,12 Stomatognathic manifestations take the form of violet or purple macules, papules, or tumours. 13 Mucocutaneous areas, which include the skin of the lower limbs, face, trunk, genitalia, and oropharyngeal mucosa, are often where KS presents itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 HHV-8, which infects KS spindle cells, is linked to KS. 8,23,29 HHV8 infection is not ubiquitous. Although it affects less than 5% of the general population in the USA and Europe, men who have sex with men (MSM) and certain regions of the world, like sub-Saharan Africa and the countries bordering the Mediterranean, have much higher prevalence rates of it.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kaposi’s Sarcoma with Primary Lymph Node Involvement in a Retroviral Infected (RVI) Patient

Fenta,

Aregawi,

Geremew

et al. 2024

IMCRJ

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One kind of angioproliferative disorder is Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Growth of spindle-shaped cells, edema, inflammation, and neoangiogenesis are its defining features. Because it lacks the typical indicators of malignancy, it is classified as an intermediate neoplasm. People who are immunocompromised, receiving organ transplants, or receiving antiretroviral therapy are linked to KS. Although lymph node involvement by KS is extremely uncommon, when it does occur, it usually manifests as either the epidemic form in (Human Immuno-deficiency) HIV-positive patients or the endemic form in Africans. There are four primary clinical manifestations of KS that have been documented: endemic, epidemic, iatrogenic, and classic. The diagnosis of KS is made by history, physical examination, and tissue biopsy. When treating localized disease, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may be sufficient to either improve or completely eradicate the illness. Nonetheless, chemotherapy and HAART would be necessary in the case of widespread illness. Here, we present the case of a 28-year-old female patient who is HIV positive and has a viral load that is not detected. She presented with generalized lymphadenopathy of 8 months duration. She had no cutaneous manifestations. The lymphadenopathy involved the tonsils, axilla, inguinal, and an unusual site, intraparotid on both sides. After a pathologic examination of the lymph nodes, she was found to have epidemic-type KS and was treated with HAART and chemotherapy. In our nation, we are not aware of any published case reports pertaining to a case like this. The purpose of this case report is to raise physicians' awareness of this uncommon ailment and to encourage them to suspect KS when HIV patients exhibit generalized lymphadenopathy. The early initiation of systemic treatment is lifesaving for these patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kaposi’s Sarcoma with Primary Lymph Node Involvement in a Retroviral Infected (RVI) Patient

Fenta,

Aregawi,

Geremew

et al. 2024

IMCRJ

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“…Some studies reported 85% survival in patients with non-pulmonary KS using this treatment regimen [ 4 ]. In patients with pulmonary involvement, airway protection presents an additional challenge for therapy [ 7 , 12 , 13 ]. While highly active ART and systemic chemotherapy are utilized, patients may also benefit from treatment modalities such as endoscopic laser resection, radiation therapy, or stent placement for airway maintenance [ 7 , 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Race Against Time: Rapidly Progressing Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma

Tidwell,

Van Antwerp,

Bihag

2023

Cureus

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Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining condition that primarily manifests as mucocutaneous lesions; however, other organs have been implicated in disseminated disease. Fortunately, since the development of antiretroviral therapy, the incidence of KS among patients with human immunodeficiency virus has significantly declined. We report an atypical case of a rapidly progressing pulmonary KS to highlight the importance of prompt recognition of this condition, which can be challenging to distinguish from other pulmonary infectious diseases in immunocompromised individuals, as well as discuss the current treatment for this disease.

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection and AIDS

Georgescu

2022

Absolute Allergy and Immunology Board Review

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Pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma—an atypical clinical presentation

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Kaposi’s Sarcoma with Primary Lymph Node Involvement in a Retroviral Infected (RVI) Patient

Kaposi’s Sarcoma with Primary Lymph Node Involvement in a Retroviral Infected (RVI) Patient

A Race Against Time: Rapidly Progressing Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection and AIDS

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