Pulmonary nodules as respiratory manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease

Complete resolution of non‐necrotizing lung granuloma and pyoderma gangrenosum after restorative proctocolectomy in a woman with severe ulcerative colitis and cytomegalovirus infection

“…Necrobiotic parenchymal lung nodules composed by sterile aggregates of neutrophils with or without areas of necrosis are the most frequent report in both UC and CD . A possible explanation for this association is the common embryological derivation of respiratory and gastrointestinal epithelia from primitive foregut, the so called gut‐lung axis . Nevertheless, IBD‐associated pulmonary lesions remain an exclusion diagnosis: it is essential to rule out malignancies, infections (mycobacteria and CMV), associated disorders (sarcoidosis, Wegener's granulomatosis), and parenchymal disease such as bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia – known as cryptogenic organizing pneumonia .…”

Respiratory System Involvement in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

“…One of possible radiological presentations of pulmonary involvement in the course of IBD are lung nodules, sometimes with cavitations within them [43,[56][57][58][59][60][61]. Histopathological verification of such findings has revealed the following: necrobiotic nodules composed of sterile aggregates of neutrophils containing areas of necrosismost frequently, bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia, noncaseating epithelioid granulomas, heterogeneous lymphoid infiltrations, interstitial fibrosis and deposits of amyloid A component.…”

“…The spontaneous resolution of the pulmonary nodules was also seen in few patients. Resolution, either spontaneous or during treatment, was very slow in some cases [43,[56][57][58][59][60][61].…”

“…All these medications, with the exception of glucocorticosteroids, are well known for their possible lung toxicity [62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71]. The assumed lung-toxicity manifests itself mostly as interstitial lung diseases such as eosinophilic pneumonia, organizing pneumonia, interstitial lung fibrosis, interstitial pneumonia with nonnecrotizing granulomas, not specified interstitial pneumonia, bronchiolitis [60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69]. Rarely drug--induced toxicity manifests itself as pleuritis [72][73][74].…”

Mortality in Obesity-Hypoventilation Syndrome and Prognostic Risk Factors

“…5 The most common histopathological changes are airway inflammation and bronchiectasis. 2 Our patient's lung biopsy revealed foci of organizing pneumonia and necrobiotic nodules.…”