Pulmonary Response to Toner upon Chronic Inhalation Exposure in Rats

Muhle, H.; Bellmann, B.; Creutzenberg, Otto; Dasenbrock, Clemens; Ernst, Heinrich; Kilpper, R.; MacKenzie, Jane; Morrow, Paul E.; Möhr, U.; Takenaka, Shinji; Mermelstein, Robert

doi:10.1093/toxsci/17.2.280

Cited by 33 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…In other cases, the reactivity of the surface (e.g., generation of reactive oxygen species) needs to be considered (Duffin et al 2007;Rushton et al 2010). Particle mass or volume dose has also been associated with the rat lung responses to poorly soluble low toxicity particles (Morrow 1988;Muhle et al 1991) including MWCNT (Pauluhn 2011). The number concentration of specific sized structures has been associated with the inflammatory effects of nanotubes and fibers (Donaldson et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussion and Next Stepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…range (<100 nm), the fraction of inhaled particles that deposit in the alveolar (gas-exchange) region of the lungs generally increases (up to ~50 %) (ICRP 1994;Maynard and Kuempel 2005). The dose metrics of mass, volume, number, or surface area of particles or fibers retained in the lungs have been associated with lung responses to inhaled particles or fibers in rats and mice (Morrow 1988;Oberdörster and Yu 1990;Muhle et al 1991;Oberdörster et al 1994;Tran et al 2000;Elder et al 2005;Nakanishi 2011;Pauluhn 2011;Murray et al 2012). Working lifetime exposures to respirable particle mass and fiber number concentrations have been associated with nonmalignant and malignant lung diseases in workers (reviewed in: Kuempel and Maynard 2005;Oberdörster et al 2005b;Rom and Markowitz 2006).…”

Section: Categorical Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of risk-based nanomaterial groups for occupational exposure control

et al. 2012

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Given the almost limitless variety of nanomaterials, it will be virtually impossible to assess the possible occupational health hazard of each nanomaterial individually. The development of science-based hazard and risk categories for nanomaterials is needed for decision-making about exposure control practices in the workplace. A possible strategy would be to select representative (benchmark) materials from various mode of action (MOA) classes, evaluate the hazard and develop risk estimates, and then apply a systematic comparison of new nanomaterials with the benchmark materials in the same MOA class. Poorly soluble particles are used here as an example to illustrate quantitative risk assessment methods for possible benchmark particles and occupational exposure control groups, given mode of action and relative toxicity. Linking such benchmark particles to specific exposure control bands would facilitate the translation of health hazard and quantitative risk information to the development of effective exposure control practices in the workplace. A key challenge is obtaining sufficient dose-response data, based on standard testing, to systematically evaluate the nanomaterials' physical-chemical factors influencing their biological activity. Categorization processes involve both science-based analyses and default assumptions in the absence of substance-specific information. Utilizing data and information from related materials may facilitate initial determinations of exposure control systems for nanomaterials.

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Section: Discussion and Next Stepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Categorical Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of risk-based nanomaterial groups for occupational exposure control

et al. 2012

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“…In the same chronic study, an increase ofpolymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) indicated inflanmmatory responses in the lung (3). These effects are some characteristic signs oflung overloading, a phenomenon that has been discussed by Morrow (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Irreversible Pulmonary Changes Induced in Rat Lung by Dust Overload

Bellmann¹,

Muhle²,

Creutzenberg³

et al. 1992

Environmental Health Perspectives

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The objective of this study was to investigate whether the effects of dust overload are reversible upon cessation of subchronic exposure to test toner. Female ratswere exposed 6hr/day, 5 days/week for 3 months to a test tonerat 0, 10, and 40 mg/m3. The retained quantity oftest toner in the lungs at the end ofexposure was GA and 3.0 mg for the low and high exposure groups, respectively. Fifteen months later, the corresponding values mere 0.12 and 2.65 mg in the lungs. Alveolar clearance oftracer aerosols as weil as cytologic and enzymatic parameters in the bronchoalveolar fluid was investigated at the end ofexposure and subsequently up to 15 months later. The alveolar dearance of RFe203, 51Cr-polystyrene, and 'Sr-polystyrene tracer aerosols was slightly retarded at the low and substantially impaired at the high exposure level. At the low exposure level, there was some recovery in the clearance behavior up to 6 months after exposure In contrast, at the high exposure level there was no indication of a reversal of the impaired clearance. For the jS glucuronidase activity and the number of polymorphonuclear cells, the pattern of the effects was similar to the effects on the half-timne tracer particle clearance. In conclusion, the dust overload at a lung burden of3 mg test toner in rats was persistent for at least 15 months after termination of exposure.

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“…Three lung tumours (2 adenomas and 1 adenocarcinoma) were found in the control group of 100 animals. Lung tumours were found in 19 of 100 rats after exposure to quartz Muhle et al 1991).…”

Section: Inhalationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Titanium dioxide (respirable fraction) [MAK Value Documentation, 2009]

2014

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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Published in the series Occupational Toxicants , 2014 The article contains sections titled: Toxic Effects and Mode of Action Mechanism of Action Toxicokinetics and Metabolism Absorption, distribution, elimination Metabolism Effects in Humans Single exposures Repeated exposure Local effects on skin and mucous membranes Allergenic effects Reproductive toxicity Genotoxicity Carcinogenicity Animal Experiments and in vitro Studies Acute toxicity Subacute, subchronic and chronic toxicity Local effects on skin and mucous membranes Allergenic effects Reproductive toxicity Genotoxicity Carcinogenicity Other effects Manifesto (MAK value/characterization)

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Pulmonary Response to Toner upon Chronic Inhalation Exposure in Rats

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Development of risk-based nanomaterial groups for occupational exposure control

Development of risk-based nanomaterial groups for occupational exposure control

Irreversible Pulmonary Changes Induced in Rat Lung by Dust Overload

Titanium dioxide (respirable fraction) [MAK Value Documentation, 2009]

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