Pulsating Signal Injection-Based Axis Switching Sensorless Control of Surface-Mounted Permanent-Magnet Motors for Minimal Zero-Current Clamping Effects

Abstract

In this paper, we propose an injection-based axis switching (IAS) sensorless control scheme using a pulsating highfrequency (HF) signal to minimize position detection error and velocity estimation ripple resulting from the zero-currentclamping (ZCC) effect for surface-mounted permanent-magnet motors. When a pulsating carrier-signal voltage is injected in an estimated synchronous frame, the envelope of the resulting HF current measured in the stationary reference frame follows an amplitude-modulated pattern. Using this information, the IAS technique allows one to avoid multiple zero crossings of HF currents by adjusting the current phase angle according to the load condition. At no-load condition, the pulsating voltage is injected only on the d-axis, while the d-axis current is controlled to a certain nonzero value. Under a load condition, the injection voltage is switched to the q-axis, while the d-axis current drops back to zero. Thus, the proposed sensorless control enforces a much better estimation performance in a region of ZCC without a predefined offline commissioning test than the standard pulsating injection scheme. Experiments illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in suppressing the estimation error caused by the ZCC disturbance and in extending the system bandwidth.Index Terms-Estimated position error and velocity ripple, injection-based axis switching (IAS) sensorless control, pulsating high-frequency (HF) signal injection, zero-current-clamping (ZCC) effect.

Temperature issues in saliency-tracking based sensorless methods for PM synchronous machines

“…Below this limit, higher frequencies are normally preferred, since they provide larger spectral separation with the fundamental excitation, which makes filtering easier [15]. 6 to 12.5% 500 Hz 10kHz [5,11,15] Sinusoidal pulsating 6 to 12.5% 2500 Hz 10kHz [11,15] 6 to 12.5% 500 Hz 10kHz [5,11,15] 4.5% 850 Hz 10KHz [33] Squarewave 20% 5000 Hz 10kHz [13] 16% 5000 Hz 10kHz [14] Reviewing the literature on the subject, a large variety of carrier signal frequencies and magnitudes have been used with Table I showing some examples. Unfortunately, not all of the reviewed references provided complete information on the carrier signal used [2,3,[28][29][30][31][32].…”

Modeling and simulation of soft sensor design for real-time speed and position estimation of PMSM

“…There are two main forms of carrier high frequency excitation [30]: rotating vector [31][32][33] and pulsating vector [19,34,35]. The first form injects a balanced three-phase voltage or current carrier signal.…”

“…These techniques are usually applied to the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (I-PMSM) as it involves the effect of salience [17]. In [18,19], signal injection method was extended to the surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (S-PMSM) by exploiting the saliency resulting from magnetic saturation.…”

Sensorless control of salient PMSM with adaptive integrator and resistance online identification using strong tracking filter

“…When operating in low speed region, signal injection methods can achieve great performance (Choi & Seok, 2008;Piippo, Salomaki, & Luomi, 2008;Shinnaka, 2008), while in high speed region, back-EMF or rotor flux-based sensorless algorithms are widely applied. Using PMSM mathematic model, one can calculate the rotor flux or back-EMF, then obtain rotor position and speed (Cendoya, Solsona, Toccaceli, & Valla, 2002;Chen, Liu, & Chen, 2010;Chen, Tomita, Doki, & Okuma, 2003;Chern et al, 2012;Genduso, Miceli, Rando, & Galluzzo, 2010;Harnefors & Nee, 2000;Kim, Choi, Lee, & Lee, 2011;Morimoto, Kawamoto, Sanada, & Takeda, 2002;Yuan et al, 2013).…”