Pulse pressure waveform estimation using distension profiling with contactless optical probe

Abstract

The pulse pressure waveform has, for long, been known as a fundamental biomedical signal and its analysis is recognized as a non-invasive, simple, and resourceful technique for the assessment of arterial vessels condition observed in several diseases. In the current paper, waveforms from non-invasive optical probe that measures carotid artery distension profiles are compared with the waveforms of the pulse pressure acquired by intra-arterial catheter invasive measurement in the ascending aorta. Measurements were performed in a study population of 16 patients who had undergone cardiac catheterization. The hemodynamic parameters: area under the curve (AUC), the area during systole (AS) and the area during diastole (AD), their ratio (AD/AS) and the ejection time index (ETI), from invasive and non-invasive measurements were compared. The results show that the pressure waveforms obtained by the two methods are similar, with 13% of mean value of the root mean square error (RMSE). Moreover, the correlation coefficient demonstrates the strong correlation. The comparison between the AUCs allows the assessment of the differences between the phases of the cardiac cycle. In the systolic period the waveforms are almost equal, evidencing greatest clinical relevance during this period. Slight differences are found in diastole, probably due to the structural arterial differences. The optical probe has lower variability than the invasive system (13% vs 16%). This study validates the capability of acquiring the arterial pulse waveform with a non-invasive method, using a non-contact optical probe at the carotid site with residual differences from the aortic invasive measurements.

An automatic method for arterial pulse waveform recognition using KNN and SVM classifiers

“…This distension can be used to produce an optical signal which is correlated with the passing pressure wave. Several studies have shown that the distension and the pressure waveforms have an analogous wave contour and, therefore, can reciprocally be used for pulse wave analysis [9,28,47].…”

Supervised learning methods for pathological arterial pulse wave differentiation: A SVM and neural networks approach

“…Optical sensors are an attractive instrumental solution due to their truly non-contact nature that allows the measurement of the skin surface pulsation at the carotid artery site for APW assessment [11]. This novel laboratory research prototype based on optical sensors boosted the knowledge of the APW and confirmed the correlation of arterial pulse waveform morphology-derived parameters with feature population and clinical conditions [12][13][14][15][16].…”

Photoplethysmography based atrial fibrillation detection: a review

“…12 Many physiological parameters can be derived from PPG, including oxygen saturation, heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac output. 13 These capacities of PPG open the door to develop new ambulatory diagnosis tools enabling early screening of heart conditions, including arrhythmia. 14 This review provides an account of the approaches used in PPGbased AF detection.…”

“…15 For this reason, the PPG signal has rich information about physiological conditions. 13 PPG waveforms have typical morphological components corresponding to landmark events in the cardiac cycle. During the contraction of the left ventricle, blood is ejected out of the heart and propagates along the arterial tree, this corresponds to the initial positive slope of a PPG pulse.…”