Pulsed metastable atomic beam source for time-of-flight applications

Kohlhase, A.; Kita, S.

doi:10.1063/1.1139018

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…4. In the experiment a beam of metastable Xe atoms was prepared by operating an electron impact source modeled after the design of Kohlhase and Kita [20] in a source chamber pumped by a 5200-l / s diffusion pump. A Xe atomic freejet expansion was obtained by running a piezoelectric pulsed valve [21] with a 1-mm-diameter nozzle and an opening time of 200 s in front of a 1-mm-diameter skimmer that was placed 5 cm downstream from the nozzle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic photoionization processes under magnification

et al. 2004

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Recently, classical simulations of threshold photoionization in the presence of an electric field have shown that a clear distinction between direct and indirect trajectories followed by the outgoing electron can be observed in the patterns of electron impacts on a two-dimensional detector. Subsequently, slow photoelectron imaging experiments have been reported where this distinction could be observed in atomic xenon. Furthermore, using a magnifying electrostatic lens to improve the velocity-map imaging technique, oscillatory patterns were observed modulating the classical envelope that was measured in the experiments of Nicole et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 133001 (2002)]. This extension of slow photoelectron imaging, called photoionization microscopy, relies on the existence of interferences between various trajectories by which the electron moves from the atom to the plane of observation. In this article we present the main experimental results obtained both in slow photoelectron imaging and in photoionization microscopy. The formation of the interference pattern is discussed in the framework of a semiclassical model that is described in detail elsewhere. The qualitative information that can be drawn from the experiments is discussed, and the potential applications of photoionization microscopy are considered. Particular attention is paid to the role of continuum Stark resonances that appear between the saddle point in the Coulombϩdc field potential and the field-free ionization limit.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic photoionization processes under magnification

et al. 2004

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“…1͑a͒ was obtained by collecting the photoelectrons resulting from photoionization of metastable Xe atoms with a 50 fs Ti:sapphire laser centered around 800 nm. The metastable Xe atoms were formed in an electron impact source, 9 leading to the production of predominantly Xe*(6s,Jϭ2) (Eϭ8.315 eV) as well as smaller amounts of Xe*(6sЈ,Jϭ0) (E ϭ9.447 eV). The image in Fig.…”

Section: A Inversion Of a High-quality Imagementioning

confidence: 99%

An iterative procedure for the inversion of two-dimensional ion/photoelectron imaging experiments

Vrakking

2001

Review of Scientific Instruments

238

165

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We present an iterative method for the extraction of velocity and angular distributions from two-dimensional (2D) ion/photoelectron imaging experiments. This method is based on the close relationship which exists between the initial 3D angular and velocity distribution and the measured 2D angular and radial distributions, and gives significantly better results than other inversion procedures which are commonly used today. Particularly, the procedure gets rid of the center-line noise which is one of the main artifacts in many current ion/photoelectron imaging experiments.

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“…Xenon was injected into the vacuum chamber using a pulsed valve. In the metastable source [21], a significant fraction of the atoms was promoted into the metastable 5p 5 ( 2 P 3/2 )6s[3/2] 2 state by means of electron impact. In the interaction region, a tunable dye laser (in red, denoted with "E Dye ") excited the metastable xenon atoms to the Rydberg states of interest.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Theoretical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1), high-lying xenon Rydberg states were prepared by a combination of electron impact [21] and a tunable dye laser. Ionization proceeded by the midinfrared radiation from the FELICE laser [15].…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Theoretical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoelectron angular distributions from the ionization of xenon Rydberg states by midinfrared radiation

et al. 2013

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Angle-resolved photoelectron spectra, resulting from the strong-field ionization of atoms or molecules, carry a rich amount of information on ionization pathways, electron dynamics, and the target structure. We have investigated angle-resolved photoelectron spectra arising from the nonresonant ionization of xenon Rydberg atoms in the multiphoton regime, using intense midinfrared radiation from a free-electron laser. The experimental data reveal a rich oscillatory structure in the low-order above-threshold ionization region. By performing quantummechanical and semiclassical calculations, the observed oscillations could be well reproduced and explained by both a multiphoton absorption picture as by a model invoking electron wave-packet interferences. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the shape and orientation of the initial Rydberg state leaves its own fingerprint on the final angular distribution.

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Pulsed metastable atomic beam source for time-of-flight applications

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Atomic photoionization processes under magnification

Atomic photoionization processes under magnification

An iterative procedure for the inversion of two-dimensional ion/photoelectron imaging experiments

Photoelectron angular distributions from the ionization of xenon Rydberg states by midinfrared radiation

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