“…In our near-conical LVlike model, both in the experiments and ANSYS simulation, the base is fixed and the outer surface is assumed to be free. However, in the actual heart, various structures such as the basal skeleton, the apex [2], the pericardial sac (a conical sac of fibrous tissue surrounding the heart, which is radially stiff but circumferentially free [13]), and the atrial and ventricular valves constrain the myocardial motions [13,14]. 4.…”