Purification of lactulose derived-galactooligosaccharides from enzymatic reaction mixtures

High-yield purification of commercial lactulose syrup

“…It is known that removal of lactose impurity from lactulose is a difficult task whereas monosaccharide impurities can be easily removed from lactulose by treatment with activated charcoal [19]. In a previous study on transglycosylation reactions of lactose and lactulose by -galactosidase from Bacillus circulans [20] we observed different rates of hydrolysis for lactose and lactulose.…”

“…In order to remove monosaccharides, the selected hydrolysates of lactulose syrups were purified with activated charcoal following the methodology proposed by Julio-González et al [19] with some modifications. Briefly, mixture reaction (500 mg) and activated charcoal (6 g) were added to 100 mL of ethanol (1%, v/v).…”

“…The injector and detector temperatures were set at 280 and 385 ᵒC, respectively. Injections were carried out in split mode (1:20) using nitrogen at 1 mL/min as the carrier gas [19]. Data acquisition and integration were performed using Agilent ChemStation Rev.…”

Production of Galacto‐Oligosaccharides by Enzymatic Membrane Reactors Using Free β‐Galactosidase

“…To be more explicit, these steps include the inactivation and removal of enzymes and the elimination of byproducts from saccharide blend. Activated carbon adsorption 16–18, bacteria selective fermentation 19, yeast selective fermentation 20–22, chromatography 17, 23, 24 and membrane filtration 17, 25–28 are used for the purification of GOS. Without any contradiction, high time consumption for biochemical reaction and further purification of GOS from saccharide blend in sequential ways are considerable limiting factors for the production of GOS in industrial scale 29.…”