Purkinje Cell Activity in Medial and Lateral Cerebellum During Suppression of Voluntary Eye Movements in Rhesus Macaques

Avila, Eric; Flierman, Nico A.; Holland, Peter Anthony; Roelfsema, Pieter R.; Ma, Frens; Badura, Aleksandra; Ci, De Zeeuw

doi:10.1101/2021.03.26.437236

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(186 reference statements)

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“…This is because we did not find any correlation between the time of simple spike activity and the time of complex spike activity. These results are in line with the previous studies which showed a learning dependency on the activity of simple spike, independent of the complex spike in reward-based learning (Larry et al, 2019) and motor learning (Ke et al, 2009;Streng et al, 2018;Avila et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Mixed Selectivity in the Cerebellar Purkinje-Cell Response during Visuomotor Association Learning

2022

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Although the cerebellum has been traditionally considered to be exclusively involved in motor control, recent anatomic and clinical studies show that it also has a role in reward-processing. However, the way in which the movement-related and the reward-related neural activity interact at the level of the cerebellar cortex and contribute toward learning is still unclear. Here, we studied the simple spike activity of Purkinje cells in the mid-lateral cerebellum when 2 male monkeys learned to associate a right or left-hand movement with one of two visual symbolic cues. These cells had distinctly different discharge patterns between an overtrained symbol-hand association and a novel symbol-hand association, responding in association with the movement of both hands, although the kinematics of the movement did not change between the two conditions. The activity change was not related to the pattern of the visual symbols, the movement kinematics, the monkeys' reaction times, or the novelty of the visual symbols. The simple spike activity changed throughout the learning process, but the concurrent complex spikes did not instruct that change. Although these neurons also have reward-related activity, the reward-related and movement-related signals were independent. We suggest that this mixed selectivity may facilitate the flexible learning of difficult reinforcement learning problems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Mixed Selectivity in the Cerebellar Purkinje-Cell Response during Visuomotor Association Learning

2022

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“…This is because we did not find any correlation between the time of simple spike activity and the time of complex spike activity. These results are in line with the previous studies which showed a learning dependency on the activity of simple spike, independent of the complex spike in reward based learning (Larry et al, 2019) and motor learning (Avila et al, 2021;Ke et al, 2009;Streng et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Mixed selectivity in the cerebellar Purkinje-cell response during visuomotor association learning

Sendhilnathan

Ipata

Goldberg

2021

Preprint

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Although the cerebellum has been traditionally considered to be exclusively involved in motor control, recent anatomical and clinical studies show that it also has a role in reward processing. However, the way in which the movement related and the reward related neural activity interact at the level of the cerebellar cortex and contribute towards learning is still unclear. Here, we studied the simple spike activity of Purkinje cells in the mid-lateral cerebellum when monkeys learned to associate a right or left hand movement with one of two visual symbolic cues. These cells had distinctly different discharge patterns between an overtrained symbol-hand association and a novel symbol hand association, responding in association with the movement of both hands, although the kinematics of the movement did not change between the two conditions. The activity change was not related to the pattern of the visual symbols, the movement kinematics, the monkeys' reaction times or the novelty of the visual symbols. The simple spike activity changed with throughout the learning process, but the concurrent complex spikes did not instruct that change. Although these neurons also have reward related activity, the reward-related and movement related signals were independent. We suggest that this mixed selectivity may facilitate the flexible learning of difficult reinforcement learning problems.

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“…However, motor learning and optimization do not always entail CS activity providing a teaching signal for SS responses [8][9][10] . Furthermore, recent evidence suggest that cerebellar activity is correlated with aspects of behavior that do not involve correcting the kinematics of movement: for example classical conditioning 11 , stimulus prediction 12,13 , and the magnitude of predicted reward 14,15 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mid-lateral cerebellar complex spikes encode multiple independent reward-related signals during reinforcement learning

2021

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Although the cerebellum has been implicated in simple reward-based learning recently, the role of complex spikes (CS) and simple spikes (SS), their interaction and their relationship to complex reinforcement learning and decision making is still unclear. Here we show that in a context where a non-human primate learned to make novel visuomotor associations, classifying CS responses based on their SS properties revealed distinct cell-type specific encoding of the probability of failure after the stimulus onset and the non-human primate’s decision. In a different context, CS from the same cerebellar area also responded in a cell-type and learning independent manner to the stimulus that signaled the beginning of the trial. Both types of CS signals were independent of changes in any motor kinematics and were unlikely to instruct the concurrent SS activity through an error based mechanism, suggesting the presence of context dependent, flexible, multiple independent channels of neural encoding by CS and SS. This diversity in neural information encoding in the mid-lateral cerebellum, depending on the context and learning state, is well suited to promote exploration and acquisition of wide range of cognitive behaviors that entail flexible stimulus-action-reward relationships but not necessarily motor learning.

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Purkinje Cell Activity in Medial and Lateral Cerebellum During Suppression of Voluntary Eye Movements in Rhesus Macaques

Cited by 4 publications

References 79 publications

Mixed Selectivity in the Cerebellar Purkinje-Cell Response during Visuomotor Association Learning

Mixed Selectivity in the Cerebellar Purkinje-Cell Response during Visuomotor Association Learning

Mixed selectivity in the cerebellar Purkinje-cell response during visuomotor association learning

Mid-lateral cerebellar complex spikes encode multiple independent reward-related signals during reinforcement learning

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