Pursuit eye movements: A review

Hansraj, R.

doi:10.4102/aveh.v68i4.195

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In macaque cerebral cortex, area MT complex (MT+), which includes the middle temporal (MT) and medial superior temporal (MST) areas, has been considered strongly direction-selective, and important in processing neuronal signals related to visual motion [ 34 – 36 ]. According to the neurophysiologic data from macaque, the neural pathway of pursuits originates in the primary visual cortex, and the projections are then sent to the extrastriate V5 which includes the areas of MT and MST [ 37 – 39 ]. The receptive field of area MT primarily includes the contralateral visual field, while area MSTd (dorsal MST) has receptive field that extends well into the ipsilateral visual field [ 26 , 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ipsiversive ictal eye deviation in inferioposterior temporal lobe epilepsy—Two SEEG cases report

et al. 2017

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BackgroundVersive seizure characterized by conjugate eye movement during epileptic seizure has been considered commonly as one of the most valuable semiological signs for epilepsy localization, especially for frontal lobe epilepsy. However, thelateralizing and localizing significance of ictaleye deviation has been questioned by clinical observation of a series of focal epilepsy studies, including frontal, central, temporal, parietal and occipital epilepsy.Case presentationTwo epileptic cases characterized by ipsiversive eye deviation as initial clinical sign during the habitual epileptic seizures are presented in this paper. The localization of the epileptogenic zone of both of the cases has been confirmed as inferioposterior temporal region by the findings of ictalstereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) and a good result after epileptic surgery. Detailed analysis of the exact position of the key contacts of the SEEG electrodes identified the overlap between the location of the epileptogenic zone and human MT/MST complex, which play a crucial role in the control of smooth pursuit eye movement.ConclusionIpsiversive eye deviation could be the initial clinical sign of inferioposterior temporal lobe epilepsy and attribute to the involvement of human MT/MST complex, especially human MST whichwas located on the anterior/dorsal bank of the anterior occipital sulcus (AOS).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ipsiversive ictal eye deviation in inferioposterior temporal lobe epilepsy—Two SEEG cases report

et al. 2017

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“…The presence of an anomaly in ocular motility was investigated by the H pattern test that is considered reasonable for the purpose and easier to perform in a clinical setting than other techniques. 14,15 Non-cycloplegic subjective refraction at distance was carried out by a phoropter procedure. The mean spherical equivalent (MSE) was calculated for each eye as the algebraic sum of the value of the sphere and half of the cylindrical value.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The addition for near in PAL sub-group was firstly determined according to the expected age and then adjusted subjectively. 14 BCVA was measured with the optical correction at far distance arranged in a trial frame at distance of 4 m using high-contrast (97%) ETDRS chart displayed on an LCD optotype system (Vision Chart CSO, Florence, Italy). The visual acuity threshold was determined in the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) using a letter-by-letter criterion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Improvement or Worsening of Human Contrast Sensitivity Due to Blue Light Attenuation at 450 nm</p>

Tavazzi

Cozza

Nigrotti

et al. 2020

OPTO

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The work was aimed at comparing contrast sensitivity performance in an indoor environment with two filters, which differ only in the presence of a band at 450±20 nm in the transmittance spectrum. Patients and Methods: Thirty-nine subjects participated. The filters were the Standard (ST) and Professional (PRO) Drive lenses (Hoya, Japan), the latter showing the attenuation band at 450 nm. Photopic contrast sensitivity (CS) was measured at different spatial frequencies from 1.5 to 18 cpd through Functional Acuity Contrast Test with both lenses (LogCS ST and LogCS PRO , respectively). The areas under the curves of LogCS ST and LogCS PRO as a function of the spatial frequency were also considered. Results: In the range of the measured values of LogCS ST for the thirty-nine participants, at each spatial frequency and also for the areas, the difference Δ = LogCS PRO-LogCS ST was found to decrease and change sign from positive to negative as a function of LogCS ST , thus allowing to deduce a threshold (LogCS threshold) for LogCS ST corresponding to Δ=0. Significant CS worsening was found with the PRO compared to the ST lens for the subjects showing LogCS ST > LogCS threshold. Vice versa, CS improvement was found when LogCS ST < LogCS threshold. Conclusion: In the choice of a blue-filtering lens, practitioners should take into consideration that the attenuation of light in the range 420-470 nm is expected to produce a CS worsening in subjects showing a relatively high initial CS (higher than a threshold CS). For these subjects, the general reduction of transmitted light intensity prevails on possible advantages. On the contrary, subjects showing a relatively low initial CS are expected to show a CS improvement because the attenuation of light in the range 420-470 nm is expected to reduce intraocular scattering and to mimic the effect as an optical filter of the human macular pigment, advantages which prevail on the reduction of the transmitted light intensity.

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“…When testing smooth pursuit, the examiner can request the patient to follow a finger or penlight that is about 40 cm from the midpoint and in an H pattern. This will test all extraocular muscles and appropriate fields [10]. In the smooth pursuit exams, impairments may indicate lesions in the cortex, a cogwheeling jumpy pursuit with parietal lobe disease, and slowness or reduced speed associated with myriad neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, multisystem atrophy, and cortico-basal ganglionic degeneration [11].…”

Section: Bedside Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Eye Tracking Technology in Assessing Older Driver Safety

Carr

Grover

2020

Geriatrics

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A growing body of literature is focused on the use of eye tracking (ET) technology to understand the association between objective visual parameters and higher order brain processes such as cognition. One of the settings where this principle has found practical utility is in the area of driving safety. Methods: We reviewed the literature to identify the changes in ET parameters with older adults and neurodegenerative disease. Results: This narrative review provides a brief overview of oculomotor system anatomy and physiology, defines common eye movements and tracking variables that are typically studied, explains the most common methods of eye tracking measurements during driving in simulation and in naturalistic settings, and examines the association of impairment in ET parameters with advanced age and neurodegenerative disease. Conclusion: ET technology is becoming less expensive, more portable, easier to use, and readily applicable in a variety of clinical settings. Older adults and especially those with neurodegenerative disease may have impairments in visual search parameters, placing them at risk for motor vehicle crashes. Advanced driver assessment systems are becoming more ubiquitous in newer cars and may significantly reduce crashes related to impaired visual search, distraction, and/or fatigue.

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Pursuit eye movements: A review

Abstract: No abstract available

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Ipsiversive ictal eye deviation in inferioposterior temporal lobe epilepsy—Two SEEG cases report

Ipsiversive ictal eye deviation in inferioposterior temporal lobe epilepsy—Two SEEG cases report

<p>Improvement or Worsening of Human Contrast Sensitivity Due to Blue Light Attenuation at 450 nm</p>

The Role of Eye Tracking Technology in Assessing Older Driver Safety

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