(PVA/Chitosan/Fucoidan)-Ampicillin: A Bioartificial Polymeric Material with Combined Properties in Cell Regeneration and Potential Antibacterial Features

Abstract

Chitosan, fucoidan, and polyvinyl alcohol are categorized as polymers with biomedical applications. Ampicillin, on the other hand, is considered as an important antibiotic that has shown effectivity in both gram-positive and gram-negative micro-organisms. The aforementioned polymers possess unique properties that are considered desirable for cell regeneration although they exhibit drawbacks that can affect their final application. Therefore, films of these biomaterials were prepared and they were characterized using FTIR, SEM, XRD, degree of swelling and solubility, and MTT assay. The statistical significance of the experiments was determined using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with p < 0.05. The characterization techniques demonstrated that the obtained material exhibits properties suitable for cell regeneration, and that a higher concentration of natural polymers promotes cells proliferation to a greater extent. The presence of PVA, on the other hand, is responsible for matrix stability and dictates the degree of swelling and solubility. The SEM images demonstrated that neither aggregations nor clusters were formed, which is favorable for the biological properties without detrimental to the morphological and physical features. Cell viability was comparatively similar in samples with and without antibiotic, and the physical and biological properties were not negatively affected. Indeed, the inherent bactericidal effect of chitosan was reinforced by the presence of ampicillin. The new material is an outstanding candidate for cell regeneration as a consequence of the synergic effect that each component provides to the blend.

Plasma Mediated Chlorhexidine Immobilization onto Polylactic Acid Surface via Carbodiimide Chemistry: Antibacterial and Cytocompatibility Assessment

“…Samples PLA_DC and PLA_DC_EDAC exhibited the highest cytocompatibility. This result was expected as the plasma treatment increased the hydrophilic character of PLA and the wettability of the surface affects cell behavior, especially the cell attachment [37][38][39][40][41]. However, without further immobilization of chlorhexidine, these samples did not exhibit any antibacterial effect.…”

Antimicrobial and Wound Healing Properties of FeO Fabricated Chitosan/PVA Nanocomposite Sponge

“…In the case of CS and CS/PVA-PD-FeO NPs (0.01%), treated samples were not observed to have half of the minimum inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ). Several studies reported that chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol showed substantial cell proliferation and a biocompatible nature, which suggests the existence of primary hydroxyl, acetyl, and amine functionalities and its ratio [ 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ]. Further, AO/EB fluorescence staining showed a greater number of viable cells in various samples treatment, but in PD-FeO NPs alone, treatment showed fewer apoptotic cells ( Figure 10 ).…”

Thin polymer films based on poly(vinyl alcohol) containing graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide with functional properties

“…Neat PVA is characterized by absorption bands at 3550–3200 cm −1 typical for intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds in OH (stretching and deformation), 2920 cm −1 (asymmetric CH 2  stretching), 1420 cm −1 (CH bending), 1325 cm −1 (OH bending), 1079 cm −1 (CO stretching) and 820 cm −1 (CC stretching). [ 49 ] It is well known that the OH stretching bands are sensitive to the hydrogen bond. As observed in Figure 1, the FTIR spectra of PVA/GO (Figure 1(A)) and PVA/rGO (Figure 1(B)) nanocomposites are highly similar to that of neat PVA, which indicates that the incorporation of nanoparticles only slightly affected the structure of PVA.…”