Pyophage cocktail for the biocontrol of membrane fouling and its effect in aerobic microbial biofilm community during the treatment of antibiotics

Bacteriophage and Their Potential Use in Bioaugmentation of Biological Wastewater Treatment Processes

“…In the current study, Runella (5%), Dechloromonas (5%), Nitrospira (4%), Haliangium (4%), and Haliscomenobacter (3%) were identified as the most prevalent genera within the bacterial community. The importance of these five predominant genera, despite the existence of antimicrobial agents, points to possible resistance and their ability to develop in a community in which antibiotic-sensitive ones could have decreased, and this observation aligns with previous studies that have revealed similar findings [10,20]. Another genus found and notable in the BP reactor is Zoogloea (2%), and this group of bacteria is typically found in activated sludge and involved in the degradation of organic and inorganic compounds in wastewater [29].…”

“…The previous study which investigated the effect of pyophage cocktail on biofilm formation through 16S sequencing provided comprehensive details regarding the setup and operation of the bioreactors [10]. Three aerobic membrane bioreactors were used in a continuous feeding mode in the experimental setup to examine the bioaugmentation of wastewater treatment via phage cocktail.…”

“…Three aerobic membrane bioreactors were used in a continuous feeding mode in the experimental setup to examine the bioaugmentation of wastewater treatment via phage cocktail. Pharmaceutical wastewater conditions were simulated, and erythromycin, tetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole antibiotics were included in these bioreactors, according to the previous research study [10]. A submerged hollow-fiber membrane module with a surface area of 0.125 m 2 was provided for each bioreactor.…”

“…To measure the pressure, the transmembrane pressure (TMP) sensor was attached to a vacuum line, and values were recorded on a computer automatically. Three different sets of bioreactors were prepared: the control (C1) reactor included only aerobic sludge, the control with aerobic sludge included antibiotics (C2) and the BP bioreactor included a pyophage cocktail in addition to aerobic sludge and antibiotics [10]. All bioreactors were run under the same environmental conditions to eliminate the alterations that could result from external factors.…”

“…A study using N. multiformis indicated that two pyophages were induced under specific conditions, such as acidic pH, and the increment of these viral particles led to a decrease in nitrification activity through the reduction in N. multiformis abundance [49]. Phage-mediated disruption has also achieved successful reductions in nitrification through the removal of certain bacterial species in different research studies [10,50,51].…”