Pyridine biodegradation in a novel rotating rope bioreactor

Novel Bioreactors for Waste Gas Treatment

“…The stable performance was later attributed to the high biomass concentrations and unique cell immobilization characteristics provided by the fi brous matrix, which allowed use of the reactor for continued regeneration, adaptation and selection of effi cient BTEX degraders in the bioreactor environment. Mudliar et al ( 2008 ) described the operational characteristics of a novel singlestage rotating rope biofi lter for the treatment of VOCs characterized by high volatility along with high water-solubility. The mechanism of VOC removal in this novel reactor combines both scrubbing and the biodegradation steps.…”

Biodegradation of pyridine by an isolated bacterial consortium/strain and bio-augmentation of strain into activated sludge to enhance pyridine biodegradation

“…Various studies showed that microbes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions are able to utilize pyridine and its derivatives (Gupta and Shukla 1975;Sims and O'Loughlin 1989;Kaiser et al 1996;Fetzner et al 1998;Leenheer and Stuber 1981;Mohan et al 2003;Mudliar et al 2008).…”

“…Heterocyclic compounds are generated by many industries. Most of these chemicals are toxic to human health (Sims and O'Loughlin 1989;Liu et al 1998;Padoley et al 2006;Mudliar et al 2008). Pyridine, one of the important N-heterocyclic compounds, occurs in the environment as a result of oil shale retorting, coal gasification, and pesticide use (Sims and Sommers 1985;Stuermer et al 1982;Liu et al 1998) and has potential application in manufacturing of dyes, explosives, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals (Kaiser et al 1996;Liu et al 1998).…”

“…However, these processes are energy intensive, require high capital and operating costs and also generate secondary waste streams (Mudliar et al 2008). Alternatively, biological treatment methods can provide a better option in view of their low capital and operating cost and the treatment results in formation of innocuous products.…”

“…The presence of pyridine in the environment creates severe health hazards because pyridine is toxic, teratogenic, and at higher concentration results in weakness and ataxia (Browning 1965;Padoley et al 2006;Mudliar et al 2008). The amounts of pyridine bases produced worldwide were estimated as: pyridine-26,000 t/year, 2-methylpyridine-8,000 t/ year, 3-methyl pyridine-9,000 t/year, 4-methylpyridine -1 500 t/year), 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine-8,000 t/ year (Shimizu et al 1993).…”