Pyriform cortex involvement in kindling

McIntyre, Dan C.; Plant, James

doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(89)80063-6

Cited by 72 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These cortical structures are thought to play an important role in epileptogenesis (Corcoran et al, 1976;Wada and Wake, 1977;Kelly and McIntyre, 1996). In addition, we observed projections to other areas thought to participate in epileptiform activity, including perirhinal cortex (McIntyre et al, 1993), entorhinal cortex (Savage et al, 1985), and piriform cortex (McIntyre and Plant, 1989;Löscher and Ebert, 1996). Widespread subcortical projections are also present, including projections to olfactory structures, the endopiriform nucleus, the shell of the nucleus accumbens, the amygdala, and the midline thalamus, particularly the submedius nucleus.…”

Section: Efferent Projections and Their Association With Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 56%

Susceptibility to Kindling and Neuronal Connections of the Anterior Claustrum

et al. 2001

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The claustrum has been implicated in the kindling of generalized seizures from limbic sites. We examined the susceptibility of the anterior claustrum itself to kindling and correlated this with an anatomical investigation of its afferent and efferent connections.Electrical stimulation of the anterior claustrum resulted in a pattern of rapid kindling with two distinct phases. Early kindling involved extremely rapid progression to bilaterally generalized seizures of short duration. With repeated daily kindling stimulations, early-phase generalized seizures abruptly became more elaborate and prolonged, resembling limbic-type seizures as triggered from the amygdala. We suggest that the rapid rate of kindling from the anterior claustrum is an indication that the claustrum is functionally close to the mechanisms of seizure generalization.In support of our hypothesis, we found significant afferent, efferent, and often reciprocal connections between the anterior claustrum and areas that have been implicated in the generation of generalized seizures, including frontal and motor cortex, limbic cortex, amygdala, and endopiriform nucleus. Additional connections were found with various other structures, including olfactory areas, nucleus accumbens, midline thalamus, and brainstem nuclei including the substantia nigra and the dorsal raphe nucleus. The anatomical connections of the anterior claustrum are consistent with its very high susceptibility to kindling and support the view that the claustrum is part of a forebrain network of structures participating in the generalization of seizures.

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Section: Efferent Projections and Their Association With Epilepsymentioning

confidence: 56%

Susceptibility to Kindling and Neuronal Connections of the Anterior Claustrum

et al. 2001

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“…Recent studies have shown that the perirhinal cortex is highly excitable Plant, 1989, 1991), and that it has substantial projections to motor cortex and many temporal lobe areas (McIntyre et al, 1996). As a result, it has been postulated that the perirhinal cortex plays a role in the expression and perhaps the initiation of temporal lobe seizures, including those originating in the piriform cortex and area tempestas (McIntyre and Plant, 1989;McIntyre et al, 1993;Halonen et al, 1994;Tortorella et al, 1997;Demir et al, 1998).…”

Section: Projections From the Endopiriform Nucleusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic and efferent connections of the endopiriform nucleus in rat

1999

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“…Therefore, the perirhinal cortex occupies a pivotal position in the limbic system where it processes diverse sensory information. Moreover, it is involved in the kindling phenomenon and in the spread of limbic seizures (McIntyre and Plant, 1989;Kelly and McIntyre, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiology of regular firing cells in the rat perirhinal cortex

et al. 2001

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The electrophysiological properties of neurons in the rat perirhinal cortex were analyzed with intracellular recordings in an in vitro slice preparation. Cells included in this study (n = 59) had resting membrane potential (RMP) = -73.9 +/- 8.5 mV (mean +/- SD), action potential amplitude = 95.5 +/- 10.4 mV, input resistance = 36.1 +/- v 15.7 M omega, and time constant = 13.9 +/- 3.4 ms. When filled with neurobiotin (n = 27) they displayed a pyramidal shape with an apical dendrite and extensive basal dendritic tree. Injection of intracellular current pulses revealed: 1) a tetrodotoxin (TTX, 1 microM)-sensitive, inward rectification in the depolarizing direction (n = 6), and 2) a time- and voltage-dependent hyperpolarizing sag that was blocked by extracellular Cs+ (3 mM, n = 5) application. Prolonged (up to 3 s) depolarizing pulses made perirhinal cells discharge regular firing of fast action potentials that diminished over time in frequency and reached a steady level (i.e., adapted). Repetitive firing was followed by an afterhyperpolarization that was decreased, along with firing adaptation, by the Ca(2+)-channel blocker Co2+ (2 mM, n = 6). Action potential broadening became evident during repetitive firing. This behavior, which was more pronounced when larger pulses of depolarizing current were injected (and thus when repetitive firing attained higher rates), was markedly decreased by Co2+ application. Subthreshold membrane oscillations at 5-12 Hz became apparent when cells were depolarized by 10-20 mV from RMP, and action potential clusters appeared with further depolarization. Application of glutamatergic and GABAA receptor antagonists (n = 4), CO2+ (n = 6), or Cs+ (n = 5) did not prevent the occurrence of these oscillations that were abolished by TTX (n = 6). Our results show that pyramidal-like neurons in the perirhinal cortex are regular firing cells with electrophysiological features resembling those of other cortical pyramidal elements. The ability to generate subthreshold membrane oscillations may play a role in synaptic plasticity and thus in the mnemonic processes typical of this limbic structure.

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Pyriform cortex involvement in kindling

Cited by 72 publications

References 22 publications

Susceptibility to Kindling and Neuronal Connections of the Anterior Claustrum

Susceptibility to Kindling and Neuronal Connections of the Anterior Claustrum

Intrinsic and efferent connections of the endopiriform nucleus in rat

Electrophysiology of regular firing cells in the rat perirhinal cortex

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