Pyrolysis Characteristics of Industrial Lignin for Use as a Reductant and an Energy Source for Future Iron Making

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of using industrial lignin instead of pulverized coal as a reducing agent for the production of direct reduced iron (DRI), thus reducing CO 2 emissions. The pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of pulverized coal and industrial lignin were studied by nonisothermal thermogravimetry. In the three stages of pyrolysis, the weight loss rate of industrial lignin is higher than that of pulverized coal. The volatile matter of industrial lignin is easier to release than that of pulverized coal, but the coking process is longer than that of pulverized coal. The activation energies of pyrolysis of Lu'an anthracite (LA), Shen'mu bituminous coal (SM), alkali lignin (AL), and magnesium lignosulfonate (ML) were 71.10, 70.30, 55.20, and 37.34 kJ•mol −1 at the middle-temperature stage, and 133.64, 98.31, 57.78, and 46.68 kJ•mol −1 at the high-temperature stage, respectively. After pyrolysis, a few nanometer thick carbon film structure appears in alkali lignin coke, which is conducive to the reduction of iron ore powder.

Oxidation Kinetics and Mechanism of TiC with Simulated Blast‐Furnace Gases

“…In this study, the oxidation degree ( X ) is the ratio of the change of sample mass at time t and initial time to the change of the sample mass during the theoretical complete oxidation time and the initial time, and is denoted as in Equation (3): [ 29 ] where X represents the degree of oxidation (%). m 0 is initial mass of the sample, m t is mass at time t , and m ∞ is mass of the theoretically completely oxidized sample.…”

“…In this study, the oxidation degree (X ) is the ratio of the change of sample mass at time t and initial time to the change of the sample mass during the theoretical complete oxidation time and the initial time, and is denoted as in Equation (3): [29] X…”