Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Maximize Bio-oil Yield: An Overview

Abstract

Pyrolysis is a process wherein organic materials are exposed to thermal treatment in the absence of an oxidizing agent, resulting in a solid (char), liquid (tar and bio-oil), and volatile gases (CO, CO 2 , CH 4 , and H 2 ). A low temperature, high heating rate, and short gas residence time will favour bio-oil production. Processing conditions can be altered to produce bio-oil at 65-80% of the original feedstock. Bio-oil can be utilized as a primary or secondary fuel source for boilers, heaters, turbines, engines, etc. However, additional research is required to find solutions to the corrosivity and poor storage characteristics of bio-oil. This paper reviews literature pertinent to bio-oil production via pyrolysis. Also, design considerations and conditions for optimization of bio-oil production are investigated.

Thermo Distillation and Characterization of Bio Oil from Fast Pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell (PKS)

“…Bio mass can be converted to liquid by using Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (BTL-FT) for the production of renewable fuels such as gasoline, jet fuel and diesel in recent years [2]. Bio-oil is made up of 20-25% water, 25-30% water-insoluble pyrolytic lignin, 5-12% organic acids, 5-10% non-polar hydrocarbons, 5-10% hydro sugars, and 10-25% other oxygenated compounds [3].…”