QoE and QoS comparison in an anycast digital television platform operating on passive optical network

Multilevel bandwidth measurements and capacity exploitation in gigabit passive optical networks

“…Currently, for QoS evaluation, one of the most critical parameters is the 'bandwidth' that is also a subject of dispute between users and ISPs, and it is because of the fact that the bandwidth measured by the user depends on too many factors that are independent of the physical channel [3,13]. In particular, for the bandwidth definition, we have to specify the OSI layer we refer to, distinguishing between line capacity and bandwidth at disposal of the user.…”

“…These new architectures provide ultra-broadband capacities but how and if such bandwidths will be really exploitable by end-user is still an open question, especially since the relationship among network quality (quality of service, QoS) and the user quality (quality of experience) can depend on different factors [2,3].…”

Dynamic Optical Networks for Future Internet Environments

“…Currently, one of the main aims of SDNs is the cooperation between the TLC network and DC world, including content delivery network aspects [13]. In Figure 1, a general SDN environment is reported, where the TLC network can be distinguished, including core, metro, access, backhauling, and 3G-4G segments, the DCs [20][21][22][23][24][25], but also other entities that are gaining a more important role in the future internet, in particular, M2M networks [26] and the world of content providers, with particular interest for television aspects [12]. The M2M environment, from the network point of Downloaded by [University of Saskatchewan Library] at 05:46 03 January 2015 view, will especially require some functionalities that are typical of the DC world, albeit with different bandwidth, latency, and QoS aspects.…”

“…Examples of M2M areas include surveillance and monitoring networks that extend over wide geographical regions [10]. The content provider world, for many aspects, could be included in the one of DCs; however, it is preferable to consider it with a separate vision, since some functionalites could be different with respect to DCs, for instance, the WEB TV world, which could require specific forwarding processes related to multi-casting and broadcasting techniques [12].…”

“…These changes, which will occur at the network periphery, will be accompanied further by new TLC markets regarding 3G, 4G, and 5G services with relative optical fiber backhaul connections [3] and digital television aspects with an enormous spread of web TV but also with new broadcast transmissions that will exploit the bandwidth offered by FTTB and FTTH accesses [12].…”