Quadrature Spatial Modulation for 5G Outdoor Millimeter–Wave Communications: Capacity Analysis

Younis, Abdelhamid; Abuzgaia, Nagla; Mesleh, Raed; Haas, Harald

doi:10.1109/twc.2017.2670545

Cited by 59 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…With this figure, we demonstrate that the proposed approximations are placed between both bounds. The MIMO capacity in absence of CSIT is also depicted, which is described by (31) and (9) of [37] (denoted as C H Dependent ), as well as the capacity of QSM described in [39] (labelled as C CQSM). This figure reflects the effect of the rank of the channel, L. For instance, whereas the slope of IM is 2/5, the slope of MIMO is 4/5, increased by L = 2 with respect to IM.…”

Section: A Analytical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Capacity Analysis of Index Modulations Over Spatial, Polarization, and Frequency Dimensions

Henarejos¹,

Pérez-Neira

2017

IEEE Trans. Commun.

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Abstract-Determining the capacity of a modulation scheme is a fundamental topic of interest. Index Modulations (IM), such as Spatial Modulation (SMod), Polarized Modulation (PMod) or Frequency Index Modulation (FMod), are widely studied in the literature. However, finding a closed-form analytical expression for their capacity still remains an open topic. In this paper, we formulate closed-form expressions for the instantaneous capacity of IM, together with its 2nd and 4th order approximations. We show that, in average, the 2nd approximation error tends to zero for low Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and is o (SNR). Also, a detailed analysis of the ergodic capacity over Rayleigh, Rice and Nakagami-m channel distributions is provided. As application of the capacity analysis, we leverage the proposed expressions to compute the ergodic capacities of SMod for different antenna configuration and correlations, PMod for different channel components and conditions, and FMod for different frequency separations. Although V-BLAST offers higher capacity, it requires high power budget. On the contrary, OSTBC exploits the full channel diversity at the expense of sacrificing multiplexing gain. Note also that OSTBC can only provide full diversity with 2 transmitting antennas. SMod strikes a balance between V-BLAST and OSTBC by increasing the channel capacity that OSTBC offers with less power requirements and is a trade-off between V-BLAST and OSTBC. In addition, it also provides more flexibility than OSTBC in the achievable rate that is obtained by increasing the number of transmitting antennas.SMod can be classified in to the general modulation strategy of Index Modulations (IM), term employed by [23], [30].

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Section: A Analytical Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3. Approximations of the capacity for different orders compared to the upper and lower bounds described in [22] and the capacity of QSM of [39]. He also obtained a knowledge in LTE technologies thanks to industrial contracts for implementing the physical layer of LTE, BGAN and Li-Fi standards.…”

Section: Appendix B Proof Of Theoremsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacity Analysis of Index Modulations Over Spatial, Polarization, and Frequency Dimensions

Henarejos¹,

Pérez-Neira

2017

IEEE Trans. Commun.

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“…Quadrature spatial modulation (QSM) is a new SM MIMO technique to enhance the performance of SM while retaining the concept of antenna switching [24]. Capacity analysis for QSM based outdoor mmWave communications was presented in [25]. Moreover, [26]- [30] have investigated generalized spatial modulation (GSM) at mmWave frequencies.…”

Section: ) Sm Techniques For Mmwave Mimo Based On Antenna Switchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In each iteration, the calculation of the gradient Algorithm 1 Gradient ascent algorithm to maximize the SE lower bound 1: Initialize p (0) with p i = 1 |F | , i = 1, 2, · · · , |F|, λ (0) with λ ij = 1, j = 1, 2, · · · , N s , the halting criterion and the iteration number k = 0. Compute the gradient ∇ p f (p, λ) by using (25). 4: Carry out the projection to get ∆p (k) by using (33).…”

Section: Sementioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized Beamspace Modulation Using Multiplexing: A Breakthrough in mmWave MIMO

Guo

Zhang

et al. 2019

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

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Spatial multiplexing (SMX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) over the best beamspace was considered as the best solution for millimeter wave (mmWave) communications regarding spectral efficiency (SE), referred as the best beamspace selection (BBS) solution. The equivalent MIMO water-filling (WF-MIMO) channel capacity was treated as an unsurpassed SE upper bound. Recently, researchers have proposed various schemes trying to approach the benchmark and the performance bound. But, are they the real limit of mmWave MIMO systems with reduced radio-frequency (RF) chains? In this paper, we challenge the benchmark and the corresponding bound by proposing a better transmission scheme that achieves higher SE, namely the Generalized Beamspace Modulation using Multiplexing (GBMM).Inspired by the concept of spatial modulation, besides the selected beamspace, the selection operation is used to carry information. We prove that GBMM is superior to BBS in terms of SE and can break through the well known "upper bound". That is, GBMM renews the upper bound of the SE. We investigate SE-oriented precoder activation probability optimization, fully-digital precoder design, optimal power allocation and hybrid precoder design for GBMM. A gradient ascent algorithm is developed to find the optimal solution, which is applicable in all signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) regimes. The best solution is derived in the high SNR regime. Additionally, we investigate the hybrid receiver design and deduce the minimum number of receive RF chains configured to gain from GBMM in achievable SE. We propose a coding approach to realize the optimized precoder activation. An extension to mmWave broadband communications is also discussed. Comparisons with the benchmark (i.e., WF-MIMO channel capacity) are made under different system configurations to show the superiority of GBMM. Index TermsMillimeter wave MIMO, beamspace modulation, precoder, hybrid precoder and combiner, power allocation, spectral efficiency

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“…Rappaport et al proposed a model for mmWave channels based on an extensive measurement campaign and demonstrated that the mmWave band can effectively support high-speed data transmission [8]. The work [9] derived capacity bounds for mmWave massive MIMO communications based on the model of [8]. Additionally, [10] outlined the benefits, challenges, and potential solutions associated with cellular networks utilizing mmWave massive MIMO technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Block Sparsity Based Estimator for mmWave Massive MIMO Channels With Beam Squint

Wang

Gao

Shlezinger

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Signal Process.

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Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) millimeter wave (mmWave) communication is a key technology for next generation wireless networks. One of the consequences of utilizing a large number of antennas with an increased bandwidth is that array steering vectors vary among different subcarriers. Due to this effect, known as beam squint, the conventional channel model is no longer applicable for mmWave massive MIMO systems. In this paper, we study channel estimation under the resulting non-standard model. To that aim, we first analyze the beam squint effect from an array signal processing perspective, resulting in a model which sheds light on the angle-delay sparsity of mmWave transmission. We next design a compressive sensing based channel estimation algorithm which utilizes the shiftinvariant block-sparsity of this channel model. The proposed algorithm jointly computes the off-grid angles, the off-grid delays, and the complex gains of the multi-path channel. We show that the newly proposed scheme reflects the mmWave channel more accurately and results in improved performance compared to traditional approaches. We then demonstrate how this approach can be applied to recover both the uplink as well as the downlink channel in frequency division duplex (FDD) systems, by exploiting the angle-delay reciprocity of mmWave channels.

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Quadrature Spatial Modulation for 5G Outdoor Millimeter–Wave Communications: Capacity Analysis

Cited by 59 publications

References 49 publications

Capacity Analysis of Index Modulations Over Spatial, Polarization, and Frequency Dimensions

Capacity Analysis of Index Modulations Over Spatial, Polarization, and Frequency Dimensions

Generalized Beamspace Modulation Using Multiplexing: A Breakthrough in mmWave MIMO

A Block Sparsity Based Estimator for mmWave Massive MIMO Channels With Beam Squint

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