Quadricuspid Semilunar Valves

Davia, James E.; Fenoglio, John J.; DeCastro, Carlos M.; McAllister, Hugh A.; Cheitlin, M.D.

doi:10.1378/chest.72.2.186

Cited by 90 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The most common type of aortic valve deformation is the bicuspid valve, followed by unicuspid valve. QAV is very rare and it is also less common than quadricuspid pulmonary valve [1]. QAV was reported to have an incidence of around 0.013~0.043% according to autopsy results [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital quadricuspid aortic valve associated with aortic insufficiency and mitral regurgitation

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2013

J Cardiothorac Surg

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Congenital quadricuspid aortic valve is a rare cardiac anomaly. More than half of the patients with this abnormality will develop aortic insufficiency in adulthood. It is vital that patients with quadricuspid aortic valve who present with progressive aortic regurgitation undergo valve replacement or repair at appropriate time. Here, we present two cases of quadricuspid aortic valve. We first describe a 58-year-old man who had mitral regurgitation and ascending aorta dilatation with quadricuspid aortic valve. He underwent aortic valve replacement and mitral valve plasty and recovered well. The second patient is a 20-year-old asymptomatic boy who has been closely followed up and has not received any surgical treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital quadricuspid aortic valve associated with aortic insufficiency and mitral regurgitation

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2013

J Cardiothorac Surg

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“…Normally, three outgrowths bulge into the lumen of the great vessel and develop into three semilunar cusps that coapt in the centre of the valve orifice. It has been suggested that an abnormal number of cusps result from developmental changes in the early stages of truncal separation 3. Case reports of quadricuspid aortic valve describe patients ranging in age from 30–70 years 4…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pentacuspid aortic valve diagnosed by transoesophageal echocardiography

Cemri

Çengel²,

Timurkaynak³

2000

Heart

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Congenital aortic valve anomalies are quite a rare finding in echocardiographic examinations. A case of a 19 year old man with a pentacuspid aortic valve without aortic stenosis and regurgitation, detected by transoesophageal echocardiography, is presented. (Heart 2000;84:e9) Keywords: pentacuspid aortic valve; echocardiography Monocuspid, bicuspid or quadricuspid aortic valves are a rare congenital malformation of the aortic valve.1 However, to our knowledge there has been no previous report of a pentacuspid aortic valve in the literature. Although transthoracic echocardiography can delineate aortic valve structure, image quality may be suboptimal in some cases. In these cases, transoesophageal echocardiography may be required to clarify the aortic valve structure and function. We report a case of a pentacuspid aortic valve diagnosed by transoesophageal echocardiography. Case reportA 19 year old man was admitted to our hospital with palpitations. He had no syncope, chest pain, cyanosis, dyspnoea, orthopnoea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, oedema, history of rheumatic fever, or recent fever. He was taking no medications. His blood pressure was 105/70 mm Hg, and his pulse was 94 beats per minute. Cardiac examination revealed a normal S1 and S2 without S3 and S4. A grade I-II/VI systolic ejection murmur was heard at the left sternal border. His ECG revealed normal sinus rhythm and his chest x ray was also normal. Additionally, his routine blood and urine analyses were normal. However, transthoracic echocardiography showed mitral valve prolapse and suspicion defect imaging in the interatrial septum. The structure of the interatrial septum and interatrial shunt could not be adequately assessed because of suboptimal imaging quality. A tricuspid aortic valve with normal structure and function was seen. Transoesophageal echocardiography was performed and revealed a patent foramen ovale, mitral valve prolapse with mitral regurgitation (I/IV), and a pentacuspid aortic valve with three relatively equal cusps and two smaller cusps (fig 1). In spite of the diVerent aortic valve structure, no aortic stenosis and regurgitation was seen. DiscussionThe aortic valve is derived from mesenchymal swellings in the aortic trunk by the fourth week of gestation.2 Normally, three outgrowths bulge into the lumen of the great vessel and develop into three semilunar cusps that coapt in the centre of the valve orifice. It has been suggested that an abnormal number of cusps result from developmental changes in the early stages of truncal separation.3 Case reports of quadricuspid aortic valve describe patients ranging in age from 30-70 years.4 Aortic stenosis is rare, but approximately 50% of patients with quadricuspid aortic valve have aortic regurgitation. 4 Our patient was much younger, and we did not detect aortic stenosis or aortic regurgitation probably because these complications had not had time to develop yet. Initially, we reported a tricuspid aortic valve upon transthoracic echocardiography. Because the two supernumeracy ...

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“…not found QAVs. [517] In surgical studies Olson et al . observed an incidence of 1% in 225 patients undergoing to aortic valve replacement for pure aortic regurgitation; in contrast Turri et al .…”

Section: Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Quadricuspid aortic valve: A case report and review of the literature

Savino

Quintavalle

Ambrosio

2015

J Cardiovasc Echography

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The quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is a rare malformation; often isolated, sometimes associated with other heart diseases. Before the era of echocardiography, the diagnosis was made incidentally at autopsy or during surgery of valve replacement. The extensive use of echocardiography has allowed an early and accurate diagnosis of this malformation. In many cases, the transthoracic approach is suitable for the diagnosis but, transesophageal echocardiography is a tool for the accurate definition of the valve anatomy. This review analyzes, after the presentation of a clinical case, the current knowledge on embryogenesis, classification, diagnosis and clinical course of QAV.

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Quadricuspid Semilunar Valves

Cited by 90 publications

References 6 publications

Congenital quadricuspid aortic valve associated with aortic insufficiency and mitral regurgitation

Congenital quadricuspid aortic valve associated with aortic insufficiency and mitral regurgitation

Pentacuspid aortic valve diagnosed by transoesophageal echocardiography

Quadricuspid aortic valve: A case report and review of the literature

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