Quadruple Helix Structures of Quality of Democracy in Innovation Systems: the USA, OECD Countries, and EU Member Countries in Global Comparison

Campbell, David F. J.; Carayannis, Elias G.; Rehman, Scheherazade S.

doi:10.1007/s13132-015-0246-7

Cited by 108 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The Quadruple helix concept is the development of the triple helix by integrating civil society, and integrating of the innovation and knowledge (Mulyana, 2014). The Quadruple helix theory take in consideration four sectors, namely: government, business, scholars, and civil society, will contribute to the growth of innovation (Campbell, Carayannis, & Rehman, 2015;Parveen, Senin, & Umar, 2015).…”

Section: Penta Helix Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering Support Needed for Startups in Their Early Stages Using on Penta Helix Framework

Sudiana

Sule

Soemaryani

et al. 2020

Business: Theory and Practice

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Startup companies are expected to become the new engines of economic growth through the rise of new innovation-based entrepreneurs. The Penta Helix framework is widely used as a framework to analyse factors related to the development of innovation-based companies. The use of the Penta Helix framework as the unit of analysis is considered to be relevant because this framework offers a comprehensive perspective and is in line with the economic development innovation and knowledge-based startups. However, there is a lack of research that has been conducted that analyse the nature of support that can be given to startups at their early-stage of creation using the Penta Helix framework that consists of five stakeholders namely Academicians, Businessmen, Government, Communities. This study aims to propose a conceptual model about the nature of support needed by startups in order to survive in their initial stages by using the Penta Helix Framework. This study is a qualitative one using the Focus Group Discussion method, in which participants are made of six early stages technology-based startup founders and CEOs, who were gathered to conduct several discussions regarding the topics. Our results show that obstacles faced by startups include among other: difficulties in obtaining qualified yet affordable workforce in facing existing competitors, difficulties in increasing sales, difficulties in managing product development costs, no adequate support from the government, and ineffective incubation programs. A model that consists of lists of support that startups need, was depict as main contribution from the discussion, named Penta Helix support for startups. This model offers comprehensive practical guide for policy makers to support startups from five perspectives.

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Section: Penta Helix Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovering Support Needed for Startups in Their Early Stages Using on Penta Helix Framework

Sudiana

Sule

Soemaryani

et al. 2020

Business: Theory and Practice

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“…Control, which is required for their protection and enforcement, is checked by constitutionallyset standards of freedom and equality, thereby constraining the unlimited exercise of power. Campbell, Carayannis and Scheherazade (2015) refer to the three dimensions of freedom, equality and control, but add with "sustainable development" a fourth dimension to their Quadruple dimensional structure of democracy, which is likewise constructed in a reinforcing perspective.…”

Section: The Democracy Matrix: a New Measurement Tool Which Combines mentioning

confidence: 99%

Making Trade-Offs Visible: Theoretical and Methodological Considerations about the Relationship between Dimensions and Institutions of Democracy and Empirical Findings

Lauth¹,

Schlenkrich²

2018

PaG

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Whereas the measurement of the quality of democracy focused on the rough differentiation of democracies and autocracies in the beginning (e.g. Vanhanen, Polity, Freedom House), the focal point of newer instruments is the assessment of the quality of established democracies. In this context, tensions resp. trade-offs between dimensions of democracy are discussed as well (e.g. Democracy Barometer, Varieties of Democracy). However, these approaches lack a systematic discussion of trade-offs and they are not able to show trade-offs empirically. We address this research desideratum in a three-step process: Firstly, we propose a new conceptual approach, which distinguishes between two different modes of relationships between dimensions: mutual reinforcing effects and a give-and-take relationship (trade-offs) between dimensions. By introducing our measurement tool, Democracy Matrix, we finally locate mutually reinforcing effects as well as trade-offs. Secondly, we provide a new methodological approach to measure trade-offs. While one measuring strategy captures the mutual reinforcing effects, the other strategy employs indicators, which serve to gauge trade-offs. Thirdly, we demonstrate empirical findings of our measurement drawing on the Varieties of Democracy dataset. Incorporating tradeoffs into the measurement enables us to identify various profiles of democracy (libertarian, egalitarian and control-focused democracy) via the quality of its dimensions.

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“…For example, the project leader from the consulting firm acknowledges the neighbors' complaints and is helping to mediate between the regional office and the fourth helix, consisting of the citizens affected by the bridge renovation. Overall, this communication with the fourth helix is one way, as the consultants do not aim for an exchange of knowledge, ideas, or feedback loops in a democratic way (Campbell et al 2015). They procure civil society participation, to secure commitment and acceptance on the decisions already taken, as frequently practiced by major consultancy firms (Strannegård and Styhre 2013).…”

Section: The Intersection Between the Regional Office And The Universmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carayannis and Campbell (2009) discuss the Bpluralism of knowledge modes^(p. 206), and refer to how knowledge, innovation, and democracy interrelate. Democracy assumes a possible balance between different parties, values, and policies, recognized as necessary for a QH innovation system to exist (Campbell et al 2015). Hence, a democratic context that considers the fourth helix ideas and interests should be considered early if a QH innovation-friendly ecosystem is desired (Casaramona et al 2015).…”

Section: The Intersection Between the Regional Office And The Universmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Processual Approach for the Quadruple Helix Model: the Case of a Regional Project in Uppsala

García-Terán

Skoglund

2018

J Knowl Econ

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This study investigates how the quadruple helix (QH) innovation model functions in a regional renewable energy initiative in Uppsala, Sweden. The focus is on the collaboration between regional office representatives, researchers, consultants and civil society, and their involvement in the attempt to implement and commercialize an innovation within renewable energy for the renovation of an old bridge. The empirical material gathered for this study was based on interviews, conversations, and participant observation during workshops and meetings with different stakeholders. By applying a processual approach, this article illustrates how the QH configuration (universityindustry-government and civil society) emerges and evolves, unfortunately into a failed collaboration and thus a closing down of a commercialization attempt. By analyzing interactions and events of the process, we discuss the coordination problems between the actors to better understand how the dynamics affect local governments' attempts to spur a more innovative climate in the region. In our conclusion, we discuss how the processual approach, when applied, can offer a better understanding of the uncertain development of QH projects in knowledge-based societies and economies.

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Quadruple Helix Structures of Quality of Democracy in Innovation Systems: the USA, OECD Countries, and EU Member Countries in Global Comparison

Cited by 108 publications

References 34 publications

Discovering Support Needed for Startups in Their Early Stages Using on Penta Helix Framework

Discovering Support Needed for Startups in Their Early Stages Using on Penta Helix Framework

Making Trade-Offs Visible: Theoretical and Methodological Considerations about the Relationship between Dimensions and Institutions of Democracy and Empirical Findings

A Processual Approach for the Quadruple Helix Model: the Case of a Regional Project in Uppsala

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