Qualidade de vida da criança com insuficiência renal crônica

Abstract

ResumenEl objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la cualidad de vida de niños con insuficiencia renal crónica e identificar los dominios más impor tantes. Es descriptivo, con abordaje cualitativo y cuantitativo, donde se utilizó la aplicación del Autoquestionnaire Qualité de Vie Enfant Imagé (AUQEI). Realizado en el Instituto del Riñón, en Fortaleza-CE-Brasil, con 13 niños con diagnóstico de insuficiencia renal crónica. Los datos fueron analizados a través de la técnica de análisis temática y del programa EXCEL. Emergieron las categorías: Dolor en el momento de la diálisis; Hospitalización; limitaciones de la enfermedad y tratamiento; expectativa del trasplante; y apoyo/aproximación familiar. El análisis de los datos indicó que 61,53% de los niños poseen una cualidad de vida regular, mientras 38,46% tienen esta cualidad perjudicada. Las dimensiones más representativas fueron: entretenimiento y familia, siendo la autonomía más afectada. La cualidad de vida de los niños con insuficiencia renal crónica es considerada satisfactoria, a pesar de las limitaciones.

Children and adolescents on hemodialysis: attributes associated with quality of life

“…However, due to the treatment, they need to be absent of this fruitful space, causing learning delay and losses and it can also generate social isolation (19)(20) . In the parents and caregivers testimonials, it can be observed many times that school evasion comes from the trial of prioritizing activities related to the treatment, neglecting other important aspects in their everyday, for example, school activities, resulting in consecutive faults or even the abandonment.…”

Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pacientes renais crônicos em diálise

“…(1,2) The number of patients undergoing dialysis treatment has been growing over the years, from 42,695 cases in 2000 to 91,314 in 2011, hemodialysis being the most common form of treatment. (3) During the treatment stage, chronic renal failure patients may have their quality of life altered, as there is anxiety prior to and during treatment, loss of autonomy, difficulty of dealing with an irreversible and incurable disease, difficulty of going to a hospital daily or weekly, decrease in vitality levels, limitations in performing everyday activities, and frequent lack of support from relatives and friends, all of which damage the patient's physical and mental health.…”

Quality of life in children with kidney disease

“…Para o efeito deve recorrer-se à utilização de escalas, conforme definido pela Organização Mundial de Saú-de (OMS), dado que o conceito de qualidade de vida é subjetivo e depende de vários fatores (Heath et al, 2011). Existem várias escalas que têm sido consideradas comprovadamente eficazes na avaliação da qualidade de vida da criança, que englobam as componentes do funcionamento físico, bem-estar emocional, e atividade social e escolar (Figueiredo, 2015). As crianças com doença crónica enfrentam alguns desafios: físicos, sociais, emocionais e de desenvolvimento e os campos de férias podem constituir uma verdadeira ajuda para a melhoria da qualidade de vida (McCarthy, 2015).…”