Soybean seed size is a factor that still requires studies, as the
connection between seed size and production performance of plants in the
field is controversial. Thus, the objective of the present work was to
evaluate the production performance of individual soybean plants grown
from seeds of different sizes. The cultivars BS-2606-SOYTECH,
NS-6700-IPRO, NA-5909-RR, BS-IRGA-1642-IPRO, and LANÇA-58i60-IPRO were
evaluated in two crop seasons. A randomized block experimental design
was used; the treatments consisted of three seed sizes for each
cultivar, with four replications. Seeds that had the highest percentage
of retention in a set of sieves were used in the experiment. The
following variables were evaluated at harvest: plant height, first node
height, number of nodes per plant, number of stems, number of pods on
the main stem, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, seed
weight per plant, 1000-seed weight, and percentage of seeds retained on
the sieves. Soybean seeds of the cultivars BS-2606-SOYTECH,
NS-6700-IPRO, NA-5909-RR, BS-IRGA-1642-IPRO, and LANÇA-58i60-IPRO from
sieves S1, S2, and S3 did not result in plants with different agronomic
performance. Seeds of the cultivars BS-2606-SOYTECH, NS-6700-IPRO, and
NA-5909-RR BMX from sieves S1, S2, and S3 exhibited higher yields for
the 6.5-mm sieve in both crop seasons. The cultivar BS-IRGA-1642-IPRO
produced the highest percentage of seeds with a diameter of 7.0 mm in
both crop seasons, regardless of seed size.