Qualitative study of bimetallic joints produced by solid state welding process

Kong, Ting; Chan, Luen Chow; Lee, T. C.

doi:10.1179/174329308x383757

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Several solid-state welding techniques exist, e.g., cold forming, friction welding, diffusion bonding, explosive welding and forge welding, and several of these techniques have been used for joining steels for various applications [1][2][3]. Forge welding is one of the oldest solid-state joining techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shielded Active Gas Forge Welding of an L80 Steel in a Small Scale Shielded Active Gas Forge Welding Machine

Palanisamy

Solberg

Moe

2021

JMMP

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The Shielded Active Gas Forge Welding (SAG-FW) method is a solid-state welding technique in which the mating surfaces are heated by induction heating or direct electrical heating before being forged together to form a weld. In this article, an API 5CT L80 grade carbon steel alloy has been welded using the SAG-FW method. A small-scale forge welding machine has been used to join miniature pipes extracted from a large pipe wall. The welding was performed at three different forging temperatures, i.e., 1300 °C, 1150 °C and 950 °C, in some cases followed by one or two post weld heat treatment cycles. In order to qualify the welds, mechanical and corrosion testing was performed on miniature samples extracted from the welded pipes. In addition, the microstructure of the welds was analysed, and electron probe microanalysis was carried out to control that no oxide film had formed along the weld line. Based on the complete set of experimental results, promising parameters for SAG-FW welding of the API 5CT L80 grade steel are suggested. The most promising procedure includes forging at relative high temperature (1150 °C) followed by rapid cooling and a short temper. This procedure was found to give a weld zone microstructure dominated by tempered martensite with promising mechanical and corrosion properties. The investigation confirmed that small scale forge welding testing is a useful tool in the development of welding parameters for full size SAG-FW welding.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shielded Active Gas Forge Welding of an L80 Steel in a Small Scale Shielded Active Gas Forge Welding Machine

Palanisamy

Solberg

Moe

2021

JMMP

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“…However, increasing effective strain rates have a negative impact on bond quality [9]. Investigations of Kong et al on the forge welding of steel-aluminum compounds (AISI 316 L/6063 aluminum) reveal that the forming temperature has the highest influence on the resulting bond quality and the tensile strength of the joint [10]. Wohletz and Groche studied a joining process combining forward and cup extrusion for manufacturing steel-aluminum parts (AISI 1015/6082 T6 aluminum) [11].…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Bevel Gears Manufactured by Tailored Forming

Behrens

Chugreeva

Diefenbach

et al. 2020

Metals

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The production of multi-metal bulk components requires suitable manufacturing technologies. On the example of hybrid bevel gears featuring two different steels at the outer surface and on the inside, the applicability of the novel manufacturing technology of Tailored Forming was investigated. In a first processing step, a semi-finished compound was manufactured by cladding a substrate using a plasma transferred arc welding or a laser hotwire process. The resulting semi-finished workpieces with a metallurgical bond were subsequently near-net shape forged to bevel gears. Using the residual heat after the forging process, a process-integrated heat treatment was carried out directly after forming. For the investigations, the material combinations of 41Cr4 with C22.8 (AISI 5140/AISI 1022M) and X45CrSi9-3 with C22.8 (AISI HNV3/AISI 1022M) were applied. To reveal the influence of the single processing steps on the resulting interface, metallographic examinations, hardness measurements and micro tensile tests were carried out after cladding, forging and process-integrated heat treatment. Due to forging and heat-treatment, recrystallization and grain refinement at the interface and an increase in both, hardness and tensile strength, were observed.

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“…The solid state welding processes have proved to be effective on joining dissimilar metals [2, 11, 12, 13 and 14], once diffusion takes place without the metals' fusion minimizing metallurgical changes. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) and its derivatives -Friction Stir Spot Welding (FSSW), Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding (Refill FSSW), Friction Welding (FW), Forge Welding (FOW), Hot Pressure Welding (HPW), Diffusion Welding (DFW) and Cold Welding (CW) -can be mentioned as examples of solid-state welding processes [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welding of Aluminum to DP600 Steel Plates by Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding Process (Refill FSSW): Preliminary Results

Verástegui

Mazzaferro

et al. 2014

AMR

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The main objective of the current work was to produce sound Refill FSSW joints between AA6181-T4 aluminum and DP600 steel plates. The steel plates were used in two different surface conditions: with and without galvanized surface layer. The Taguchi statistical method was used to find out the set of parameters indicated to produce joint with higher mechanical resistance. Then, the possibility of joining these dissimilar metals using the Refill FSSW process was verified. Tool rotation speed and welding time were varied to observe its effect over the joint behavior. The results of lap shear tests showed that galvanized layers do not cause any substantial change on the final joint mechanical resistance, even though different joining mechanisms had been observed.

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Qualitative study of bimetallic joints produced by solid state welding process

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Shielded Active Gas Forge Welding of an L80 Steel in a Small Scale Shielded Active Gas Forge Welding Machine

Shielded Active Gas Forge Welding of an L80 Steel in a Small Scale Shielded Active Gas Forge Welding Machine

Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Bevel Gears Manufactured by Tailored Forming

Welding of Aluminum to DP600 Steel Plates by Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding Process (Refill FSSW): Preliminary Results

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