Quality assessment of mangrove growing environment in Pasuruan of East Java

Abstract

Abstract:The occurrence of pollution in mangrove land is due to changes in physical, chemical and biological properties of water because of the increasing human activities that produce problems due to residential and industrial wastes and other related activities, or due to seawater tide. The existence and presence of residential and industrial wastes in soil sediments can disturb the environment that in turn will threaten mangroves growth. This study was aimed to reveal the presence of heavy metals in sediment shown by environmental changes of water polluted by residential and industrial wastes. The study was conducted in field plots located at five watershed areas of Andil, Porangan, Kacar, Gombal and Krondo in Tambak Lekok Village of Pasuruan District, East Java. Field exploration and observation was started from waterfront and riverside vegetations. The exploration was made 300 m toward inland, perpendicular to the edge of the waters. The sediment samples of mangrove stands were collected at three points for each plot. The thickness of the collected sediment samples was ± 10 cm from the surface. Sediment samples were analyzed for heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Zn and Cu) and texture. The results showed that the Pb severely polluted the Gombal watershed with a concentration of 7.24mg/kg. The lowest Pb concentration of 7.24 mg/kg was observed for Andil watershed. Except for Andil watershed, Cu heavily polluted all the watersheds studied.

Community Structure and Fish Diversity in Some Mangrove Ecosystems with Varying Levels of Naturalness and Human Activity on Bawean Island, East Java, Indonesia

“…However, the function of mangrove ecosystem services in Indonesia is currently decreasing due to anthropogenic activities around the ecosystem such as the conversion of land into settlements, agriculture, aquaculture, industry, tourism, coastal development, illegal logging for firewood, charcoal and commercial purposes. as well as environmental pollution and climate change [6][7][8][9]. A similar case occurred in the mangrove ecosystem of East Java that was found to be deforested and its area decreased from 57,500 Ha to 22,700 Ha in 2008 and continued to decline to 11,800 Ha in 2019 [10][11][12][13].…”

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“…Salinitas diakui sebagai salah satu elemen pengatur ekosistem penting di mangrove karena lokasinya di perbatasan daratlaut (Chen & Wang, 2017) Penurunan nilai pH juga dapat diakibatkan oleh tingginya kandungan logam berat di lingkungan mangrove. Di sisi lain, tingkat keasaman mempengaruhi toksisitas logam berat dan mengganggu aktivitas fotosintesis, suhu, salinitas, hingga fisiologis biota perairan (Indawan, Indri Hapsari, Ahmadi, & Noorvy Khaerudin, 2017). Begitu pula dengan penurunan oksigen terlarut sangat dipengaruhi oleh tinggi psang surut, intensitas sinar matahari, dan jarak dari tepi luar hutan mangrove.…”

The growth performance of Rhizophora apiculata using the cut-propagule method for mangrove rehabilitation in Indonesia

“…Mangrove soils also contain fine sediments or sand particles and coarse materials such as coral pieces, shell fragments, eggs, and snails. Generally, mangrove soils are muddy, although they can grow on sand, peat, and rocky soil (Indawan et al 2017).…”