Quality of life in people living with HIV: a cross-sectional study in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Abstract

HIV/AIDS is a leading cause of death in most of sub-Saharan countries. HIV/AIDS impact on the quality of life of persons living with HIV in Burkina Faso hasn't been well documented. The aim of the study was to assess the quality of life in persons living with HIV and its associated factors.A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ouagadougou. 424 persons living with HIV were included in the study according to their status with regard to Highly Active Anti Retroviral Treatment: 115 were not yet under treatment, 21 started the treatment within the three months preceding the enrolment and 288 were under treatment for at least 12 months. The quality of life was assessed through the WHOQOL HIV-BREF. Statistical comparisons were made using Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Pearson's khi2 or Fisher's exact test. Correlations were appreciated using Spearman's rho. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between the quality of life scores and sociodemographic or clinical variables.The mean global score of quality of life in all patients was 82.4. Better scores were recorded in the spiritual domain and worst scores in the environmental domain. Men had a higher global score than women (p < 0.001). Illiteracy was significantly associated with a lower quality of life (p = 0.001). Patients having support for medical treatment had a significantly better quality of life (p < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, being a man, having a support for medical care, getting older and self-perceived as healthy, were associated with a global score of quality of life higher than 77, that corresponds to the mid-range of the score in our data.These findings suggest the importance of the socio-psychological support and of a good environment in order to improve the quality of life of people living with HIV, especially in women, in younger and in those having no support for medical care. In the environmental domain, actions of HIV services providers should focus on better accessibility to social and health care, promotion of income-generating activities especially for women and youth living with HIV.

Qualidade de vida e fatores associados em pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS

“…(10) According to the quality of life domains, the individuals presented good scores in most domains, thereby emphasizing the Psychological (67.9) and Spirituality, religion and personal beliefs (65.7) domains, and worst average scores in the Environment (59.2) and Level of independence (55.1) domains. In Brazilian (3,6) and international (10,11) studies, the Environment and Level of independence domains also had lower scores compared to other quality of life domains.…”

Qualidade de vida e diagnósticos de enfermagem de mulheres com AIDS

“…Estos resultados pueden estar asociados a la baja escolaridad e ingreso per cápita de las PVVS, lo que acarrea situación socioeconómica desfavorable, limitando el ambiente doméstico, recursos financieros, accesibilidad y calidad de la salud y asistencia social. (19) El prejuicio y la exclusión por parte de los familiares y amigos de PVVS están asociados a los bajos niveles de promedios de escores en el ámbito de las relaciones sociales. (17) Sin embargo, en esta investigación, éste fue el dominio en que se obtuvieron las mejores medias de escores, indicando que las mujeres evaluadas probablemente poseían el apoyo de la familia, amigos y parejas.…”

“…Las cuestiones se puntúan en escala tipo likert de cinco puntos. Los escores de los dominios se estudiaron en tres niveles de calidad de vida: inferior (4-10 puntos), intermedio (10,1-14,9) y superior (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). (10) Después del levantamiento de los datos, los diagnósticos de enfermería fueron determinados según la Taxonomía II de la NANDA-I.…”

Calidad de vida relacionada a la salud en personas con VIH y factores asociados

“…Se describe menor score de CVRS asociado a menor nivel de escolaridad (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) , depresión/ansiedad (3,6,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16) , preocupación financiera, falta de soporte económico o social (6,9,10,11,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22) , presencia de síntomas (14,(21)(22)(23) , estigma o preocupación por la confidencialidad (12,17,23,24) , consumo de drogas y alcohol (4,5) , comorbilidades (4,5,25) , bajo nivel de confianza o pobre relacionamiento con el staff médico y menor accesibilidad al sistema de salud (11,17,25) .…”

“…En cuanto al género, predominantemente los estudios encuentran peor CVRS entre mujeres en los resultados globales o en algunos dominios de las escalas utilizadas (5)(6)(7)(8)10,11,(14)(15)(16)18,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29) . Mientras que el impacto de la orientación sexual, específicamente hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH), se muestra con resultados variables probablemente por influencia de los diferentes contextos culturales (5,30,31) .…”