Quambalaria leaf and shoot blight on<i>Eucalyptus nitens</i>in South Africa

Roux, Jolanda; Mthalane, Z. L.; Beer, Z. Wilhelm de; Eisenberg, B. E.; Wingfield, Michael J.

doi:10.1071/ap06044

Cited by 16 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…is caused by three species of Quambalaria (Simpson, 2000;Roux et al, 2006). These are Q. eucalypti Q. pitereka is known only from Australia, where it is an economically important pathogen in eastern Australia (Simpson, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of leaf position, surface, and entry sites on Quambalaria eucalypti infection in eucalypt

Máfia¹,

Alfenas²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2009

Trop. plant pathol.

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The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of leaf position, surface, and the need for entry sites, such as wounds, other pathogen lesions or natural openings, to promote infection of Quambalaria eucalypti in Eucalyptus spp. We carried out a series of artificial inoculations in wounded and unwounded leaves from seedlings of Eucalyptus globulus and two hybrid clones (UFV-100 �� E. grandis x E. urophylla and UFV-101 -E. saligna x E. maidenii). E. globulus was more susceptible to infection than clones UFV-100 and UFV-101. Artificial wounds greatly favored pathogen penetration. However, old lesions caused by Cylindrocladium pteridis and Puccinia psidii did not provide infection sites for Q. eucalypti. Differences in fungal spore germination and leaf surface colonization were not observed between expanding and fully expanded leaves. Q. eucalypti penetrated through the wounded leaves and we didn't observe direct penetration thought the epidermis. Stomata neither attracted nor repelled germ tube and somatic hyphae. Young expanding leaves were more susceptible to Q. eucalypti infection than fully expanded leaves located in the upper third of the plant. Infection took place preferentially on the abaxial leaf surface. Keywords: Eucalyptus, host-pathogen interaction, inoculation protocol, leaf spot. RESUMO Efeito da posição e superfície foliar sobre a infecção de Quambalaria eucalypti e determinação sítios de entrada em eucaliptoObjetivou-se, neste estudo, determinar os efeitos da posição da folha, superfície foliar e os sítios de entrada, assim como ferimentos, lesões de outros patógenos ou aberturas naturais sobre a infecção de Quambalaria eucalypti em Eucalyptus spp. Para isso, realizaram-se inoculações artificiais em folhas de mudas seminais de Eucalyptus globulus e dois clones híbridos de Eucalyptus (UFV-100 �� E. grandis x E. urophylla e UFV-101 -E. saligna x E. maidenii). E. globulus foi mais suscetível à infecção que os clones UFV-100 e UFV-101. Os ferimentos artificiais favoreceram a penetração do patógeno. Entretanto, lesões velhas causadas por Cylindrocladium pteridis e Puccinia psidii não foram sítios de entrada de Q. eucalypti. Não foram observadas diferenças na germinação de esporos e colonização entre folhas em expansão e completamente expandidas. Q. eucalypti penetrou em folhas com ferimentos. Contudo não foi possível observar a penetração direta através da epiderme. Folhas jovens foram mais suscetíveis à infecção de Q. eucalypti que folhas completamente expandidas no terço superior da planta. A infecção ocorreu preferencialmente na superfície abaxial da folha. Palavras-chave: Eucalyptus, interação patógeno-hospedeiro, protocolo de inoculação, mancha foliar.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of leaf position, surface, and entry sites on Quambalaria eucalypti infection in eucalypt

Máfia¹,

Alfenas²,

Ferreira³

et al. 2009

Trop. plant pathol.

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“…The discovery of Q. eucalypti on a native Uruguayan tree is disturbing, since the fungus is a virulent primary pathogen that has the capacity to cause severe disease (Wingfield et al 1993;Alfenas et al 2004;Andrade et al 2005;Roux et al 2006). Host shifts, such as the one that appears to have occurred with Q. eucalypti, are relatively well known amongst tree pathogens (Slippers et al 2005;Woolhouse et al 2005) and many have lead to serious disease epidemics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…clones (Wingfield et al 1993). It was considered of minor importance in South Africa until 2005, when it was observed causing serious stem disease in 1-year-old E. nitens Maiden plantations (Roux et al 2006). In South America, the pathogen was first reported from Uruguay infecting twigs of E. globulus ssp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Discovery of the eucalypt pathogenQuambalaria eucalyptiinfecting a non-Eucalyptushost in Uruguay

Pérez

Beer

Altier

et al. 2008

Austral. Plant Pathol.

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Abstract. Quambalaria eucalypti, a serious pathogen of Eucalyptus, is believed to be native to Australia and introduced into various southern hemisphere countries, including Uruguay. In this study we record the discovery of Q. eucalypti causing leaf lesions on Myrceugenia glaucescens, a tree native to Uruguay. The identity of the pathogen was confirmed using DNA sequence comparisons of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA operon, as well as morphological characteristics. This is the first record of the pathogen on a host other than Eucalyptus. It clearly indicates a disturbing example of an alien invasive pathogen having undergone a host-shift from non-native Eucalyptus to a native tree in Uruguay.

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“…DNA was ex tracted f rom th e groun d m y celi um usi ng a m odi fi cati on of th e method described by Möller et al (1992) and as published by Roux et al (2006).…”

Section: Fungal Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sporendocladia bactrospora associated with wounds on native broadleaved trees in Norway and Sweden

Roux

Solheim²,

Nkuekam

et al. 2013

Forest Pathology

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SummaryA survey to identify Ophiostomatoid fungi that infect wounds on native Norwegian and Swedish broad leaved trees was undertaken during summer 2004.A fungus resembling a species of Sporendocladia was commonly isolated from the exposed cambium and inner bark of wounds. Morphological examination and comparisons of DNA sequence data for the ITS and 5.8S regions of the rRNA gene region led to its identification as Sporendocladia bactrospora. Pathogenicity trials on young Populus tremula and Betula pubescens trees showed that S. bactrospora is capable of causing lesions on these trees. There have been few previous reports of S. bactrospora and in most cases these have been as saprophytes on wood. In contrast, results of this study show that it is a common 2 inhabitant of freshly made wounds on native broad leaved trees in Scandinavia and it appears to contribute to staining of wood.

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Quambalaria leaf and shoot blight onEucalyptus nitensin South Africa

Cited by 16 publications

References 11 publications

Effects of leaf position, surface, and entry sites on Quambalaria eucalypti infection in eucalypt

Effects of leaf position, surface, and entry sites on Quambalaria eucalypti infection in eucalypt

Discovery of the eucalypt pathogenQuambalaria eucalyptiinfecting a non-Eucalyptushost in Uruguay

Sporendocladia bactrospora associated with wounds on native broadleaved trees in Norway and Sweden

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