Quantification, distribution and diversity of ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli on freshly slaughtered pig carcasses

Biasino, W.; Zutter, Lieven De; Garcia-Graells, Cristina; Uyttendaele, Mieke; Botteldoorn, Nadine; Gowda, T.; Damme, Inge Van

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.05.021

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…As bla CTX-M-group2 and bla CTX-M-group4 were not identified in our study, the prevalence of the bla CTX–M genes could be slightly higher. A high prevalence of bla CTX-M-group1 and bla TEM in pigs was reported by other authors from diverse European countries, and similarly to our results, the genes bla TEM and bla CTX-M were most commonly observed in combination [ 40 , 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Prevalence and Characterization of Fecal Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Pigs on Farms of Different Sizes in Latvia

2021

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The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of fecal ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) in pigs on large and small farms in Latvia, to characterize beta-lactamase genes and establish an antimicrobial resistance profile. Fecal samples (n = 615) were collected from 4-week, 5-week, 6-week, 8-week, 12-week and 20-week-old piglets, pigs and sows on four large farms (L1, L2, L3, L4) and three small farms (S1, S2, S3) in Latvia. ChromArt ESBL agar and combination disc tests were used for the screening and confirmation of ESBL-producing E. coli. The antimicrobial resistance was determined by the disc diffusion method and ESBL genes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Subsequently, ESBL-producing E. coli was confirmed on three large farms, L1 (64.3%), L2 (29.9%), L3 (10.7%) and one small farm, S1 (47.5%); n = 144 (23.4%). The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli differed considerably between the large and small farm groups (26.9% vs. 12.7%). Of ESBL E. coli isolates, 96% were multidrug-resistant (MDR), demonstrating there were more extensive MDR phenotypes on large farms. The distribution of ESBL genes was blaTEM (94%), blaCTX-M (94%) and blaSHV (48%). On the small farm, blaSHV dominated, thus demonstrating a positive association with resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftazidime and cefixime, while on the large farms, blaCTX-M with a positive association to cephalexin and several non-beta lactam antibiotics dominated. The results indicated the prevalence of a broad variety of ESBL-producing E. coli among the small and large farms, putting the larger farms at a higher risk. Individual monitoring of ESBL and their antimicrobial resistance could be an important step in revealing hazardous MDR ESBL-producing E. coli strains and reviewing the management of antibiotic use.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Prevalence and Characterization of Fecal Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Pigs on Farms of Different Sizes in Latvia

2021

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“…ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli isolated from slaughter pigs from both 2011 and 2015 were dominated by IncI1 plasmids encoding bla CTX-M-1 or bla TEM-52c , recognized as the most prevalent gene-plasmid combinations in Enterobacteriaceae from slaughter pigs worldwide (Geser et al, 2011; Randall et al, 2014; Biasino et al, 2018; Dang et al, 2018). ESC-R E. coli isolates from dairy cattle and veal calves showed a quite variable array of plasmid-gene combinations (Figure 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Plasmids and Genes Encoding Resistance to Extended Spectrum Cephalosporins in Commensal Escherichia coli From Dutch Livestock in 2007–2017

et al. 2019

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Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase (pAmpC) genes confer resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporin’s. The spread of these genes is mostly facilitated by plasmid-mediated horizontal transfer. National surveillance activities to detect ESBL/pAmpC-producers in commensal bacteria from livestock are in place in the Netherlands since several years. This study aimed at reporting gene and plasmid diversity of commensal ESBL/pAmpC-producing Escherichia coli isolated from healthy animals during surveillance activities between 2007 and 2017. A collection of 2304 extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESC-R) E. coli isolated from feces of broilers, dairy cattle, slaughter pigs, turkeys, ducks, and veal calves was investigated and ESBL/pAmpC genes were determined. Gene location of a selection of 473 E. coli isolates was determined and typing of plasmids linked to the ESBL/pAmpC genes was performed. Twenty-two different ESBL/pAmpC genes were identified with blaCTX-M-1 being the most prevalent gene in livestock (43.7%), followed by blaCMY -2 and blaSHV -12, independent of the animal source. Prevalence of typically human associated blaCTX-M-15 was highest in cattle. Less than 10% E. coli isolates owed their ESC-R phenotype to promoter mutations of the chromosomal ampC gene. Majority (92%) of ESBL/pAmpC genes analyzed were plasmid located, with IncI1α being the most represented plasmid family in isolates from all animals, followed by IncF (veal calves, dairy cattle and slaughter pigs), IncK (broilers and laying hens), IncX1 in broilers, and emerging IncX3 in broilers and dairy cattle. Prevalence and molecular diversity of ESC-R E. coli isolated from livestock over an 11-year period revealed a composite scenario of gene-plasmid combinations.

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“…It has been established some time ago that E. coli is resistant to ampicillin. However, recent findings report an increasing amount of resistant phenotypes among isolates from the TEM2 β-latamase producing communities [111,112]. Carbapenems are usually prescribed as part of a treatment of E. coli infections, but with an increased rate of resistance to these antibiotics, the deadlock of therapy against this m i c r o o rg a n i s m , e s p e c i a l l y f o r n o s o c o m i a l a n d community-acquired infections, is very serious.…”

Section: Enterobacteriaceae: Carbapenem-resistant Esbl-producing Bact...mentioning

confidence: 99%

World Health Organization Report: Current Crisis of Antibiotic Resistance

et al. 2019

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Antibiotic resistance is the most challenging clinical and public health problem. Despite of living in the era of novel technologies in biomedical research, many of untreatable infectious diseases are ranked as the main causes of human death worldwide. Increased antibiotic use in human and use in animal production are the two major causes of emergence of resistant bacteria in hospitals, human communities, and also animal farms. Current body of evidences is indicating that major factors that led to existing crisis on antibiotics worldwide are poor educational programs on hygiene and health, inappropriate prescription in addition to the overprescription in clinical settings (mainly in developing countries with easier access to the antibiotics) and lack of accurate diagnostic tools in laboratories in order to control the emergence of antibiotics against widely used drugs in community. It sounds using the antibodies against problematic bacteria in farms has more benefits than treating them with susceptible antibiotics. As best strategy, we pointed that the crisis of antibiotic resistance may be solved when all contributors be acknowledged to their responsibilities and duties to minimize this global problem threatening the human health. China and the USA as the two main antibiotics user in industrial scale should have taken new policy in meat industry. Currently, antibiotic resistance presents a growing health threat worldwide being the cause of many nosocomial and often deadly infections.

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Quantification, distribution and diversity of ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli on freshly slaughtered pig carcasses

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

The Prevalence and Characterization of Fecal Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Pigs on Farms of Different Sizes in Latvia

The Prevalence and Characterization of Fecal Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Pigs on Farms of Different Sizes in Latvia

Diversity of Plasmids and Genes Encoding Resistance to Extended Spectrum Cephalosporins in Commensal Escherichia coli From Dutch Livestock in 2007–2017

World Health Organization Report: Current Crisis of Antibiotic Resistance

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