Quantification in macroscopic autoradiography with carbon-14—An evaluation of the method

Keller, Flavio; Waser, Peter G.

doi:10.1016/0020-708x(82)90181-8

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A wide range of resolutions was chosen to study its effect on the crack aperture determination. As detailed in Siitari‐Kauppi (), for each pixel of the film, its gray level was converted to optical density using the calibration series, and then into activity using the Keller and Waser () approach. The reader is invited to consult Siitari‐Kauppi () for a detailed description of the procedure.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Crack Aperture Distribution in Rocks Using the ¹⁴C‐PMMA Autoradiographic Method: Experiments and Simulations

et al. 2020

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Because cracks control the global mechanical and transport properties of crystalline rocks, it is of a crucial importance to suitably determine their aperture distribution, which evolves through alteration processes and rock weathering. Due to the high variability of crack networks in rocks, a multiscale approach is needed. The 14 C-PMMA (polymethylmethacrylate) method was developed to determine crack apertures using a set of artificial crack samples with different controlled apertures and tilt angles and also using Monte Carlo simulations. The experiments and simulations show the same result: the estimation of apparent aperture w A was successful regardless of tilt angle, even if the estimates are less accurate for low tilt angles (<30°). The uncertainties on the estimation of the real crack aperture w R arise from the unknown tilt angle. The ability of the 14 C-PMMA autoradiography method to estimate crack aperture distributions in rock samples was successfully confirmed on a sample of Grimsel granodiorite.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining Crack Aperture Distribution in Rocks Using the ¹⁴C‐PMMA Autoradiographic Method: Experiments and Simulations

et al. 2020

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“…In some cases, where high specific activity is required tritium is often preferred and is placed in a nonexchangable position. Several other isotopes such as, 35 S, 32 P, 125 I, 131 I, and 59 Fe have found applications in studying the metabolic disposition of compounds. Table 1 shows the most common radioisotopes used in drug metabolism studies.…”

Section: Choice Of Radioisotopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 shows the most common radioisotopes used in drug metabolism studies. Both, 35 S and 32 P have been invaluable in studying the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of antisense oligonucliotide phosphorothiorates [16,17]. The pharmacokinetics and metabolism of GEM91 ® , a oligodeoxynucleotide phosphothiorate, was investigated in cynomolgus monkey following intravenous infusion using [ 35 S] labelled phosphothiorate [18].…”

Section: Choice Of Radioisotopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The organ/tissue radioactivity data obtained in the form of a photograph on an Xray film shows the localization of the radiolabelled compound at appropriate times post-dose. The isotope concentrations in various organs of the body section are then quantified by comparative dosimetry [34][35][36][37]. [ 14 C] Glucose is used as an internal standard and control for the correct assessment of radioactivity.…”

Section: Tissue Dissection and Liquid Scintillation Counting (Td/lsc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in the Applications of Radioisotopes in Drug Metabolism,Toxicology and Pharmacokinetics

Dalvie

2000

CPD

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Radioisotopes have proven to be an indispensable tool in biomedical research and have played a pivotal role in the investigation of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) properties of new chemical entities over the past several decades. The main advantage of using radioisotopes in studying the disposition of new drug candidates is the ease of detection and the achievement of high sensitivity, especially when compounds with high specific activity are used. The recent advances and applications of radioisotopes in designing and conducting ADME studies and its impact in the field of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics are discussed in this review.

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“…For the gamma emitters used in diagnosis, the response of the film depends on the range and the yield of the secondary electrons, i.e. Auger and internal conversion electrons, and quantitative findings are derived from the results of simultaneous exposure of calibrated samples of radioactivity and tissue sections (Keller and Waser 1982). The optical density is truly proportional to the cumulated activity associated with the duration of exposure in a limited linear portion of the film response curve.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative autoradiography using a radioimager based on a multiwire proportional chamber

et al. 1998

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Determination of the biodistribution of radiopharmaceuticals is an important issue for the evaluation of their performance in diagnosis and therapy. In this study, we evaluated a digital radioimager (RI) based on a multiwire proportional chamber for quantitative autoradiography (AR). The RI allows direct detection of electronic emissions of gamma emitters. Its qualitative and quantitative performances were tested on 99mTc and (111)In labelled sections and compared with conventional film AR. Linearity of count rate versus activity was verified over a 104 range of activity. As compared with film AR, a substantial improvement of the detection limit was obtained even for acquisition periods up to 20 times less than film exposure times. We provided the basis for quantitative analysis with tissue equivalent paste standards: the 99mTc and (111)In RI counting efficiencies were respectively 1.19% and 2.35%. We illustrated the respective values of RI and film AR in two rat studies: 99mTc-DMSA in kidney and dual-isotope 99mTc-MIBI and (111)In-antimyosin in heart. Calculated activity concentrations on sections of rat organs confirmed good correlation to gamma counting (deviation less than 12%). We suggest RI as a convenient technique for fast localization of single or dual-isotope tracers and determination of activity distribution.

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Quantification in macroscopic autoradiography with carbon-14—An evaluation of the method

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Determining Crack Aperture Distribution in Rocks Using the ¹⁴C‐PMMA Autoradiographic Method: Experiments and Simulations

Determining Crack Aperture Distribution in Rocks Using the ¹⁴C‐PMMA Autoradiographic Method: Experiments and Simulations

Recent Advances in the Applications of Radioisotopes in Drug Metabolism,Toxicology and Pharmacokinetics

Quantitative autoradiography using a radioimager based on a multiwire proportional chamber

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Quantification in macroscopic autoradiography with carbon-14—An evaluation of the method

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Determining Crack Aperture Distribution in Rocks Using the 14C‐PMMA Autoradiographic Method: Experiments and Simulations

Determining Crack Aperture Distribution in Rocks Using the 14C‐PMMA Autoradiographic Method: Experiments and Simulations

Recent Advances in the Applications of Radioisotopes in Drug Metabolism,Toxicology and Pharmacokinetics

Quantitative autoradiography using a radioimager based on a multiwire proportional chamber

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Determining Crack Aperture Distribution in Rocks Using the ¹⁴C‐PMMA Autoradiographic Method: Experiments and Simulations

Determining Crack Aperture Distribution in Rocks Using the ¹⁴C‐PMMA Autoradiographic Method: Experiments and Simulations