Quantification of Cold-Ion Beams in a Magnetic Reconnection Jet

Li, Yuxuan; Li, Wenya; Tang, Binbin; Norgren, Cecilia; He, Jiansen; Wang, Chi; Zong, Qiugang; Toledo‐Redondo, Sergio; André, Mats; Chappell, C. R.; Dargent, Jérémy; Fuselier, S. A.; Glocer, A.; Graham, Daniel B.; Haaland, Stein; Kistler, L. M.; Lavraud, B.; Moore, T. E.; Tenfjord, P.; Vines, S. K.; Burch, J. L.

doi:10.3389/fspas.2021.745264

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The other is the D‐shaped distribution in the +y quadrant, consisting of accelerated particles in the y ‐direction during the meandering motion. Although the cold ions are heated during reconnection, their energy is still lower than that of hot ions, hence the cold ions are clearly separated from the hot ions in the VDF of the total ions, and the features of cold ions VDF can be observed, as shown in recent MMS observations (Li et al., 2021; Toledo‐Redondo et al., 2016). A crescent‐shaped VDF of cold ions in the

{v}_{x}-{v}_{y}

plane is observed at the RF.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Energization of Cold Ions in Magnetic Reconnection: Particle‐in‐Cell Simulation

Song

Zhou

et al. 2022

JGR Space Physics

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Cold ions in the ionosphere can reach the nightside magnetotail along the magnetic field lines, which may substantially affect the magnetotail reconnection and reconnection‐driven phenomena. Although reconnection has been intensively studied in the past decades, the dynamics of cold ions in reconnection are poorly known. We performed a 2.5‐D full kinetic simulation to study the energization of cold ions in a symmetric anti‐parallel reconnection. We find that the cold ions can be considerably energized during reconnection. The average energy gain per cold ion is smaller than that per hot ion but larger than that per electron. The cold ions with the highest energy are firstly accelerated around the X‐line, and further accelerated around the reconnection front in the outflow region. They perform the meandering motion at the X‐line, while simultaneously accelerated by the reconnection out‐of‐plane electric field. The velocity distribution of cold ions around the X‐line is characterized by the counter‐streaming inflow component and the accelerated component in the +y quadrant. The cold ions are picked up at the reconnection front and trapped by the secondary island, resulting in a bump in the energy spectrum. The energy of the bump is close to the energy of the propagating speed of the reconnection front and the secondary island. Furthermore, a crescent‐shaped velocity distribution is observed at the reconnection front, caused by the finite Larmor radius effect of the high‐energy cold ions in the flux pileup region. Our result presents an important building block toward a fully understanding of the magnetosphere‐ionosphere coupling.

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{v}_{x}-{v}_{y}

plane is observed at the RF.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Energization of Cold Ions in Magnetic Reconnection: Particle‐in‐Cell Simulation

Song

Zhou

et al. 2022

JGR Space Physics

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“…In magnetic reconnection, a colder jet is measured along with a hotter and slower background plasma (Y.‐X. Li et al., 2021). Moreover, it was shown recently that by investigating the partial moment of jets, their properties resemble more the undisturbed SW properties (Raptis et al., 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Magnetosheath Jet Kinetic Structure and Plasma Properties

Raptis

Karlsson

Vaivads

et al. 2022

Geophysical Research Letters

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As the supersonic solar wind (SW) approaches Earth, it interacts with the planet's magnetic field, forming a bow shock. Downstream of the shock, the magnetosheath (MSH) region forms, which is a highly turbulent plasma environment where several phenomena co-exist. One of these phenomena is the so called MSH jets and during the last two decades, they have drawn considerable attention (Plaschke et al., 2018). These jets are transient dynamic pressure enhancement with respect to the downstream ambient background plasma. The dynamic pressure enhancements can be due to either a velocity and/or density increase (Archer et al., 2012).One of the most important features that determines the properties of jets is whether they are found in the so called Quasi-parallel (Qpar) or Quasi-perpendicular (Qperp) MSH. These regions are, respectively, the plasma downstream of a Qpar or a Qperp shock crossing. Typically, the distinction between Qpar and Qperp shock crossings is based on the angle between the upstream Interplanetary Magnetic Field vector and the bow shock normal vector. If the angle is less than 45°, we call the crossing Qpar, while if it is greater, we call it Qperp. The downstream MSH of the Qpar shocks is more turbulent, exhibits lower temperature anisotropy, and contains more high-energy particles (Fuselier, 1994;Karlsson et al., 2021;. The complexity of Qpar shocks also extends upstream of the shock to the foreshock region where non-linear ULF waves, field-aligned beams and wave-particle interaction regions are observed (

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Acceleration of cold ions in magnetic reconnection

et al. 2022

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This paper describes the results of 2.5D particle-in-cell kinetic simulations of magnetic reconnection. We consider the case without cold ions (case 0) and with a cold ion flow loaded at two localized positions (cases 1 and 2). The cold ions are loaded on the lower side of the inflow region in cases 1 and 2: along the x-direction, the cold ions are centered at the x location of the X-line in case 1 and are positioned to one side in case 2. Our simulations suggest that cold ions are accelerated and heated near the upper separatrix region in both cases 1 and 2. The gyroradius of the orbit of cold ions increases in the diffusion region owing to the weak magnetic field and then enter the outflow region, where the cold ions pick up the [Formula: see text] outflow. The cold ions are prevented from crossing the upper separatrix by the Hall electric field, which is negative at the upper exhaust region separatrix. The cold ions are accelerated along the negative z-direction in the upper inflow region by the nonideal electric field [Formula: see text] for case 1. During this process, the cold ions undergo demagnetization drift association with the finite Larmor radius effect of cold ions. Yet, the reconnection rate decreases after the cold ions flow into the diffusion region. However, the magnetic reconnection rate exhibits no significant changes in case 2.

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Quantification of Cold-Ion Beams in a Magnetic Reconnection Jet

Cited by 4 publications

References 70 publications

Energization of Cold Ions in Magnetic Reconnection: Particle‐in‐Cell Simulation

Energization of Cold Ions in Magnetic Reconnection: Particle‐in‐Cell Simulation

On Magnetosheath Jet Kinetic Structure and Plasma Properties

Acceleration of cold ions in magnetic reconnection

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