Quantification of hydroxyacetone and glycolaldehyde using chemical ionization mass spectrometry

Clair, Jason M. St.; Spencer, K. M.; Beaver, M. R.; Wennberg, P. O.

doi:10.5194/acp-14-4251-2014

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Table 1 summarizes the BBOP trace gas and particle measurements used in this work, along with methodologies, sample intervals, accuracies, and references. The set of SEAC 4 RS measurements used to characterize wildfire emissions were almost identical to that used for agricultural fires in the southeastern U.S., which can be found in Liu et al [2016], with the addition of a set of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured by whole air sampling (WAS) [Simpson et al, 2011] and several oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) and organic nitrates measured by chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) [Crounse et al, 2006;Paulot et al, 2009a;St. Clair et al, 2014;Teng et al, 2015].…”

Section: Platforms and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne measurements of western U.S. wildfire emissions: Comparison with prescribed burning and air quality implications

et al. 2017

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Wildfires emit significant amounts of pollutants that degrade air quality. Plumes from three wildfires in the western U.S. were measured from aircraft during the Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) and the Biomass Burning Observation Project (BBOP), both in summer 2013. This study reports an extensive set of emission factors (EFs) for over 80 gases and 5 components of submicron particulate matter (PM1) from these temperate wildfires. These include rarely, or never before, measured oxygenated volatile organic compounds and multifunctional organic nitrates. The observed EFs are compared with previous measurements of temperate wildfires, boreal forest fires, and temperate prescribed fires. The wildfires emitted high amounts of PM1 (with organic aerosol (OA) dominating the mass) with an average EF that is more than 2 times the EFs for prescribed fires. The measured EFs were used to estimate the annual wildfire emissions of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, total nonmethane organic compounds, and PM1 from 11 western U.S. states. The estimated gas emissions are generally comparable with the 2011 National Emissions Inventory (NEI). However, our PM1 emission estimate (1530 ± 570 Gg yr−1) is over 3 times that of the NEI PM2.5 estimate and is also higher than the PM2.5 emitted from all other sources in these states in the NEI. This study indicates that the source of OA from biomass burning in the western states is significantly underestimated. In addition, our results indicate that prescribed burning may be an effective method to reduce fine particle emissions.

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Section: Platforms and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne measurements of western U.S. wildfire emissions: Comparison with prescribed burning and air quality implications

et al. 2017

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“…It is the precursor of other atmospherically important species, such as methyglyoxal, formic acid, and acetic acid [Grosjean et al, 1993;Butkovskaya et al, 2006]. Hydroxyacetone emissions have recently been reported for both field and laboratory fires from various fuels Akagi et al, 2011;Yokelson et al, 2013;St. Clair et al, 2014].…”

Section: Emissions Of Gas Phase Nonmethane Organic Compounds (Nmocs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural fires in the southeastern U.S. during SEAC⁴RS: Emissions of trace gases and particles and evolution of ozone, reactive nitrogen, and organic aerosol

et al. 2016

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Emissions from 15 agricultural fires in the southeastern U.S. were measured from the NASA DC‐8 research aircraft during the summer 2013 Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) campaign. This study reports a detailed set of emission factors (EFs) for 25 trace gases and 6 fine particle species. The chemical evolution of the primary emissions in seven plumes was examined in detail for ~1.2 h. A Lagrangian plume cross‐section model was used to simulate the evolution of ozone (O3), reactive nitrogen species, and organic aerosol (OA). Observed EFs are generally consistent with previous measurements of crop residue burning, but the fires studied here emitted high amounts of SO2 and fine particles, especially primary OA and chloride. Filter‐based measurements of aerosol light absorption implied that brown carbon (BrC) was ubiquitous in the plumes. In aged plumes, rapid production of O3, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), and nitrate was observed with ΔO3/ΔCO, ΔPAN/ΔNOy, and Δnitrate/ΔNOy reaching ~0.1, ~0.3, and ~0.3. For five selected cases, the model reasonably simulated O3 formation but underestimated PAN formation. No significant evolution of OA mass or BrC absorption was observed. However, a consistent increase in oxygen‐to‐carbon (O/C) ratios of OA indicated that OA oxidation in the agricultural fire plumes was much faster than in urban and forest fire plumes. Finally, total annual SO2, NOx, and CO emissions from agricultural fires in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Missouri were estimated (within a factor of ~2) to be equivalent to ~2% SO2 from coal combustion and ~1% NOx and ~9% CO from mobile sources.

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“…A 0-D box model analysis was performed using the University of Washington Chemical Box Model (UWCM) (Wolfe and Thornton, 2011), incorporating the Master Chemical Mechanism, MCM v3.2 (Jenkin et al, 1997;Saunders et al, 2003; website: http://mcm.leeds.ac.uk/MCM), updated to include the isoprene alkyl radical-O 2 adduct equilibria (Peeters and Müller, 2010), isoprene peroxy radical isomerizations (Crounse et al, 2011;da Silva et al, 2010), revised ISOPOOH + OH rate constant (St. Clair et al, 2015), and HPALD photolysis and OH reaction rates (Wolfe et al, 2012). Monoterpene reactions for species not included in the MCM (i.e., myrcene, camphene, and unspeciated monoterpenes) are described in Wolfe et al (2011).…”

Section: Model Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation of OH reactivity above the canopy of an isoprene-dominated forest

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Measurements of OH reactivity, the inverse lifetime of the OH radical, can provide a top–down estimate of the total amount of reactive carbon in an air mass. Using a comprehensive measurement suite, we examine the measured and modeled OH reactivity above an isoprene-dominated forest in the southeast United States during the 2013 Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS) field campaign. Measured and modeled species account for the vast majority of average daytime reactivity (80–95 %) and a smaller portion of nighttime and early morning reactivity (68–80 %). The largest contribution to total reactivity consistently comes from primary biogenic emissions, with isoprene contributing ∼  60 % in the afternoon, and ∼  30–40 % at night and monoterpenes contributing ∼  15–25 % at night. By comparing total reactivity to the reactivity stemming from isoprene alone, we find that ∼  20 % of the discrepancy is temporally related to isoprene reactivity, and an additional constant ∼  1 s−1 offset accounts for the remaining portion. The model typically overestimates measured OVOC concentrations, indicating that unmeasured oxidation products are unlikely to influence measured OH reactivity. Instead, we suggest that unmeasured primary emissions may influence the OH reactivity at this site.

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Quantification of hydroxyacetone and glycolaldehyde using chemical ionization mass spectrometry

Cited by 19 publications

References 67 publications

Airborne measurements of western U.S. wildfire emissions: Comparison with prescribed burning and air quality implications

Airborne measurements of western U.S. wildfire emissions: Comparison with prescribed burning and air quality implications

Agricultural fires in the southeastern U.S. during SEAC⁴RS: Emissions of trace gases and particles and evolution of ozone, reactive nitrogen, and organic aerosol

Speciation of OH reactivity above the canopy of an isoprene-dominated forest

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Quantification of hydroxyacetone and glycolaldehyde using chemical ionization mass spectrometry

Cited by 19 publications

References 67 publications

Airborne measurements of western U.S. wildfire emissions: Comparison with prescribed burning and air quality implications

Airborne measurements of western U.S. wildfire emissions: Comparison with prescribed burning and air quality implications

Agricultural fires in the southeastern U.S. during SEAC4RS: Emissions of trace gases and particles and evolution of ozone, reactive nitrogen, and organic aerosol

Speciation of OH reactivity above the canopy of an isoprene-dominated forest

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Agricultural fires in the southeastern U.S. during SEAC⁴RS: Emissions of trace gases and particles and evolution of ozone, reactive nitrogen, and organic aerosol