Quantification of Metabolic Differences in the Frontal Brain of Depressive Patients and Controls Obtained by 1H-MRS at 3 Tesla

Gruber, Stephan; Frey, Richard; Mlynarik, Vladimir; Stadlbauer, Andreas; Heiden, A.; Kasper, S.; Kemp, Graham J.; Moser, Ewald

doi:10.1097/01.rli.0000073446.43445.20

Cited by 141 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This possibility seemed unlikely because none of the state-of-the-art MRS studies using absolute quantification reported a change in creatine levels in MDD (see the "Discussion" section in the study by Coupland et al 45 ). ( It is noteworthy that 1 study 46 measured an increase in creatine of 16% to 22% in MDD, although this study has not been replicated by others. The overall creatine concentration reported 46 is significantly lower than most other literature values.…”

Section: Commentcontrasting

confidence: 53%

Reduced Prefrontal Glutamate/Glutamine and γ-Aminobutyric Acid Levels in Major Depression Determined Using Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Hasler¹,

Veen²,

Tumonis³

et al. 2007

Arch Gen Psychiatry

777

502

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Context: Increasing evidence indicates that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with altered function of the major excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters glutamate and ␥-aminobutyric acid (GABA), respectively. A recently developed magnetic resonance spectroscopy method allows for reliable measurement of glutamate/glutamine (Glx) and GABA concentrations in prefrontal brain regions that have been implicated in the pathophysiologic mechanisms of MDD by studies using other neuroimaging and postmortem techniques.Objective: To measure Glx and GABA levels in 2 regions of the prefrontal brain tissue in unmedicated adults with MDD.Design: Cross-sectional study for association.Setting: Psychiatric outpatient clinic.Participants: Twenty unmedicated, depressed patients with MDD and 20 age-and sex-matched controls.Intervention: Participants underwent scanning using a 3-T whole-body scanner with a transmit-receive head coil, providing a homogeneous radiofrequency field and the capability of obtaining spectroscopic measurements in a dorsomedial/dorsal anterolateral prefrontal region of interest (ROI) and a ventromedial prefrontal ROI. Main Outcome Measures:Glx and GABA levels derived from magnetic resonance spectroscopy signals.Results: Depressed patients had reduced Glx levels in both ROIs. The GABA levels were reduced in the dorsomedial/dorsal anterolateral prefrontal ROI. Levels of GABA and Glx were positively correlated in both ROIs. Conclusions:For the first time, GABA and Glx concentrations were compared between unmedicated depressed adults and controls in prefrontal ROIs. The abnormal reductions in Glx and GABA concentrations found in the MDD sample were compatible with findings from postmortem histopathologic studies, indicating that glial cell density is reduced in the same areas in MDD.

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Section: Commentcontrasting

confidence: 53%

Reduced Prefrontal Glutamate/Glutamine and γ-Aminobutyric Acid Levels in Major Depression Determined Using Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Hasler¹,

Veen²,

Tumonis³

et al. 2007

Arch Gen Psychiatry

777

502

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Patients with affective disorders also exhibit mI deficits in cerebrospinal fluid (34). Although results from in vivo 1 H-MRS studies have been varied with regard to mI levels, potentially due to medication effects (35), some studies have observed reduced basal mI concentrations in the frontal cortex of patients with major depression (36)(37)(38). Furthermore, it may be relevant that patients with affective disorders also exhibit glial cell pathology and reductions in the expression of astrocyte-specific markers in postmortem frontal cortex (39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perinatal n-3 fatty acid deficiency selectively reduces myo-inositol levels in the adult rat PFC: an in vivo 1H-MRS study

McNamara

Able

Jandacek

et al. 2009

Journal of Lipid Research

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To investigate the effects of omega-3 fatty acid deficiency on phosphatidylinositol signaling in brain, myoinositol (mI) concentrations were determined in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of omega-3 fatty acid deficient rats by in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS). To generate graded deficits in PFC docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) (DHA) composition, perinatal and postweaning a-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) (ALA) deficiency models were used. Adult male rats were scanned in a 7T Bruker Biospec system and a 1 H-MRS spectrum acquired from the bilateral medial PFC. Rats were then challenged with SKF83959, a selective agonist at phosphoinositide (PI)-coupled dopamine D 1 receptors. Postmortem PFC fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography. Relative to controls, PFC DHA composition was significantly reduced in adult postweaning (227%) and perinatal (265%) ALA-deficiency groups. Basal PFC mI concentrations were significantly reduced in the perinatal deficiency group (221%, P 5 0.001), but not in the postweaning deficiency group (21%, P 5 0.86). Among all rats, DHA composition was positively correlated with mI concentrations and the mI/creatine (Cr) ratio. SKF83959 challenge significantly increased mI concentrations only in the perinatal deficiency group (116%, P 5 0.02). These data demonstrate that perinatal deficits in cortical DHA accrual significantly and selectively reduce mI concentrations and augment receptor-generated mI synthesis.-McNamara, R. K., J. Able, R. Jandacek, T. Rider, P. Tso, and D. M. Lindquist. Perinatal n-3 fatty acid deficiency selectively reduces myo-inositol levels in the adult rat PFC: an in vivo 1 H-MRS study. J. Lipid Res. 2009. 50: 405-411.

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“…We used absolute metabolite levels instead of ratios with creatine to avoid a bias through systematic drifts in the magnitude of the creatine resonance, as suggested by previous studies. 18,[21][22][23][24] VOI tissue segmentation and total hippocampal volume To control for the effect of potential structural differences in the region studied, we assessed tissue composition within the VOIs and total hippocampal volume as follows. The amount of each tissue -grey matter, white matter and CSF -was quantified for each VOI, so the scans were first separated in the 3 different tissues using SPM8 software (Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm) running under MATLAB 7.8.0 (MathWorks).…”

Section: Mrs Scanning Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hippocampal abnormalities of glutamate/glutamine, N-acetylaspartate and choline in patients with depression are related to past illness burden

Diego-Adeliño

Portella

Gómez‐Anson

et al. 2013

J Psychiatry Neurosci

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Quantification of Metabolic Differences in the Frontal Brain of Depressive Patients and Controls Obtained by 1H-MRS at 3 Tesla

Abstract: The authors demonstrate that absolute quantification of metabolite concentration is essential in properly identifying pathologic differences of brain metabolites in depression.

Cited by 141 publications

References 20 publications

Reduced Prefrontal Glutamate/Glutamine and γ-Aminobutyric Acid Levels in Major Depression Determined Using Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Reduced Prefrontal Glutamate/Glutamine and γ-Aminobutyric Acid Levels in Major Depression Determined Using Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Perinatal n-3 fatty acid deficiency selectively reduces myo-inositol levels in the adult rat PFC: an in vivo 1H-MRS study

Hippocampal abnormalities of glutamate/glutamine, N-acetylaspartate and choline in patients with depression are related to past illness burden

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