Quantification of nitrate removal by a flooded alluvial zone in the Ill floodplain (Eastern France)

Pérez, José Miguel Sánchez; Trémolières, Michèle; Takatert, Naima; Ackerer, Philippe; Eichhorn, Arianne; Maire, Gérard

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2163-9_20

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For comparison, areal NO 3 ‐N removal capacity of the Ill floodplain was 559 t N yr −1 or 1398 kg N ha −1 yr −1 for the modeled surface area of 40 km 2 (Perez et al , 1999). Average N removal in wetlands has been estimated as ranging from 200–500 kg ha −1 yr −1 (Paludan & Fuglsang, 2000; Arheimer & Wittgren, 2002) and less than 100 kg ha −1 yr −1 (Arheimer & Wittgren, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do dams and levees impact nitrogen cycling? Simulating the effects of flood alterations on floodplain denitrification

Gergel

Carpenter

Stanley

2005

Global Change Biology

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A fundamental challenge in understanding the global nitrogen cycle is the quantification of denitrification on large heterogeneous landscapes. Because floodplains are important sites for denitrification and nitrogen retention, we developed a generalized floodplain biogeochemical model to determine whether dams and flood-control levees affect floodplain denitrification by altering floodplain inundation. We combined a statistical model of floodplain topography with a model of hydrology and nitrogen biogeochemistry to simulate floods of different magnitude. The model predicted substantial decreases in NO 3 -N processing on floodplains whose overbank floods have been altered by levees and upstream dams. Our simulations suggest that dams may reduce nitrate processing more than setback levees. Levees increased areal floodplain denitrification rates, but this effect was offset by a reduction in the area inundated. Scenarios that involved a levee also resulted in more variability in N processing among replicate floodplains.Nitrate loss occurred rapidly and completely in our model floodplains. As a consequence, total flood volume and the initial mass of nitrate reaching a floodplain may provide reasonable estimates of total N processing on floodplains during floods. This finding suggests that quantifying the impact of dams and levees on floodplain denitrification may be possible using recent advances in remote sensing of floodplain topography and flood stage. Furthermore, when considering flooding over the long-term, the cumulative N processed by frequent smaller floods was estimated to be quite large relative to that processed by larger, less frequent floods. Our results suggest that floodplain denitrification may be greatly influenced by the pervasive anthropogenic flood-control measures that currently exist on most majors river floodplains throughout the world, and may have the potential to be impacted by future changes in flood probabilities that will likely occur as a result of climate shifts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do dams and levees impact nitrogen cycling? Simulating the effects of flood alterations on floodplain denitrification

Gergel

Carpenter

Stanley

2005

Global Change Biology

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“…These ubiquitous hydrologic alterations have a profound impact on riparian ecosystems (Chapin et al 1997, Vitousek et al 1997 et al 1989). Flood pulses are critical in the dynamics of seed dispersal, plant establishment, nutrient cycling, scouring, sediment deposition, and maintenance of species richness (Johnson et al 1976, Skoglund 1990, Stromberg et al 1993, Bendix 1994, Nilsson et al 1997, Friedman and Auble 1999, Perez et al 1999.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of Human-Altered Floods: Levees, Floods, and Floodplain Forests Along the Wisconsin River

Gergel

Dixon

Turner

2002

Ecological Applications

128

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Flood-control levees are generally thought to increase flood height and velocity for a given discharge. While extensive areas of floodplain in the United States are leveed, the ecological impacts of levees have largely been ignored relative to other anthropogenic impacts to large river floodplains. We examined a century of flood control along the Wisconsin River by comparing simulated flood regimes under ''levee'' and ''leveeremoval'' scenarios. We also used field sampling to determine if levees had altered the distribution of dominant floodplain forest trees. Increases in flood stage (height) due to levees were minor, only a few centimeters. This was primarily due to the location of the levees, set back hundreds of meters into the floodplain in some areas. Increases in overbank flood velocities due to levees were minimal compared to increases caused by channel constriction and by increased flood magnitude. Generally, levees had a greater impact on stage and overbank flood velocities of larger magnitude events. The mean number of floods and number of days flooded were lower in areas outside (on upland sides) of levees, and stream power was zero in these areas due to a lack of any inundation. These areas also had lower importance values (IV) for several flood-tolerant tree species (Acer saccharinum and Fraxinus pennsylvanica) and higher IVs for some flood-intolerant species (Quercus velutina and Q. ellipsoidalis). Furthermore, areas inside levees (between the levee and the channel) were no different from completely unleveed areas in the number of floods, number of days flooded and in IVs of several dominant tree species. The levee location (set back into the floodplain) resulted in a similar historic flood regime, and thus, similar abundances of floodplain tree species in areas inside levees as compared to completely unleveed areas. Setback levees can provide an important compromise by maintaining the relative abundance of tree species normally found in unleveed areas, while also allowing some flood control. Floodplain restoration involving levee removal should generally target the removal of mainline levees (those adjacent to the channel) rather than removal of setback levees.

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“…It can be interpreted as effective rainfall, which is maximal in winter (Figures 7 and 8). Since phase differences are not managed by the method, the infiltration signal is associated with short percolation times (in this case, percolation times are lower than 2 weeks, and the aquifer is highly sensitive to rainfalls [Cloots-Hirsch, 1990;Perez et al, 1999]). The signal also reveals the summer water loss, i.e., exfiltration or drainage.…”

Section: Second Characteristic Signal: Effective Rainfalls Contributimentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracting coherent regional information from local measurements with Karhunen‐Loève transform: Case study of an alluvial aquifer (Rhine valley, France and Germany)

Longuevergne

Florsch

Elsass³

2007

Water Resources Research

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[1] We investigate the ability of combining the Karhunen-Loève transform (KLT) with the kriging method to extract regional information from a set of point measurements. This method was applied to a set of 195 piezometric head time series over a period of 17 years from observation wells distributed within the French and German area of the Rhine valley alluvial groundwater body. Piezometric head time series are analyzed with KLT in order to highlight characteristic temporal signals, classified from the most energetic (global) to the least energetic (local) signals. The first five signals amount to 80% of the global variance of the system and are inferred to represent different hydrological contributions (exchanges with rivers and rainfall), but they also represent a significant anthropogenic component. Kriging is then used to regionalize the signals and to build a reconstruction model of the behavior of the whole aquifer containing only filtered information coming from identified source signals.

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Quantification of nitrate removal by a flooded alluvial zone in the Ill floodplain (Eastern France)

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Do dams and levees impact nitrogen cycling? Simulating the effects of flood alterations on floodplain denitrification

Do dams and levees impact nitrogen cycling? Simulating the effects of flood alterations on floodplain denitrification

Consequences of Human-Altered Floods: Levees, Floods, and Floodplain Forests Along the Wisconsin River

Extracting coherent regional information from local measurements with Karhunen‐Loève transform: Case study of an alluvial aquifer (Rhine valley, France and Germany)

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