Quantification of the aortic valve area in three-dimensional echocardiographic data sets: Analysis of orifice overestimation resulting from suboptimal cut-plane selection

Direct measurement of left ventricular outflow tract by transthoracic real-time 3D-echocardiography increases accuracy in assessment of aortic valve stenosis

“…Transesophageal echocardiography provides a good acoustic window and thus superior image resolution which allows accurate direct measurement in many patients by multiplane [27,28] and three-dimensional approach [29,30]. However, transesophageal approach is also subject to limitations like artifacts arising from severe calcification and the choice of the cut-plane which substantially influences the resulting aortic valvular orifice.…”

EAE/ASE Recommendations for Image Acquisition and Display Using Three-Dimensional Echocardiography

“…Quantification of Aortic Valve Area Three-dimensional echocardiography has been used to improve aortic valve area quantification with either planimetry [100][101][102][103] or the continuity equation. 104,105 Three-dimensional TTE planimetered aortic valve area has been reported to be feasible in 92% of patients, with measured values correlating well with 2D TEE planimetry and transthoracic echocardiography-derived continuity values.…”

Valvular Heart Disease

“…In addition, it is noted that the AV orifice shape during systole may be stellate, (25). Compared with 2DE, 3DE measurements have been shown to be highly reproducible with the small variability originating from suboptimal cut plane selection (28). The increase in popularity of transcatheter AV implantation for the treatment of aortic stenosis has driven the need for accurate aortic root measurements.…”