Quantifying Antimicrobial Exposure in Dogs From a Longitudinal Study

Méndez, María Victoria; Moreno, M.

doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00545

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The mean total topical AMU, expressed in number of DDDAs, is approximately 50% of the estimated total systemic AMU in the same clinics and period. This ratio is in line with recent observations by Me ´ndez and Moreno, who reported 5.3 and 8.1 DDDAs per year for topical and systemic AMU respectively, in a sample of dog patients (n = 242) of 10 companion animal veterinary clinics in Madrid, Spain [27], although extrapolated from the collected number of treatments. Earlier, Singleton et al had reported similar proportions of topical AMU (i.e.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Quantifying topical antimicrobial use before and during participation in an antimicrobial stewardship programme in Dutch companion animal clinics

et al. 2023

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The emergence of bacterial strains resistant to topical antimicrobials in both human and veterinary medicine has raised concerns over retaining the efficacy of these preparations. Yet, little information is available regarding the use of topical antimicrobials in either sector for planning targeted interventions. This study aims to quantify the use of topical antimicrobials in 44 Dutch companion animal clinics before and during their participation in an antimicrobial stewardship programme (ASP), to explore the effect of the intervention on topical antimicrobial use (AMU). Hence, prescription and clinic animal population data, collected from July 2012 until June 2018 were used. Specifically, the period from July 2012 until June 2015 was defined as pre-intervention period, whereas clinics started to participate in the ASP from March 2016 onwards. As quantification metric, the Defined Daily Dose for Animals (DDDA) was used and a mixed effect times series model with auto-regression was applied to monthly topical AMU data. The intervention effect was modelled using a step function with a change in (linear) time trend and clinic characteristics, as potential determinants of topical AMU, were assessed using a multivariable regression model. A seasonal pattern was identified, in the pre-intervention period, where topical AMU was highest in July-August and lowest in February-March. In addition, total topical AMU appeared to significantly decrease over time in the pre-intervention period and the proportion of dogs in the clinic was positively associated with topical AMU. The intervention effect was significant only for second line and for skin product AMU. This study demonstrates that during participation in an ASP, second line and skin product AMU decreased in Dutch companion animal clinics. Additionally, this study demonstrates the existence of a seasonal effect and a decrease in topical AMU over time already before introduction of a targeted intervention.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

Quantifying topical antimicrobial use before and during participation in an antimicrobial stewardship programme in Dutch companion animal clinics

et al. 2023

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“…However, there are also complicating factors in some countries. For example, a certain amount of third-and fourth-generation cephalosporins may also be used in the treatment of companion animals [52,53], especially cats [54], further adding to the differences between the treated animal population and the population where AMR is monitored. The use of these drugs in animal populations that are not included in the AMR data may have contributed to the observed lack of association between AMC and AMR on the animal side.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Third joint inter‐agency report on integrated analysis of consumption of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food‐producing animals in the EU/EEA

2021

EFS2

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“…However, there are also complicating factors in some countries. For example, a certain amount of third‐ and fourth‐generation cephalosporins may also be used in the treatment of companion animals, (Hur et al., 2020; Méndez & Moreno, 2020) especially cats (Mateus et al., 2011), i.e. animals that are not producing food and not included in the resistance monitoring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial consumption and resistance in bacteria from humans and food‐producing animals

2024

EFS2

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The fourth joint inter-agency report on integrated analysis of antimicrobial consumption (AMC) and the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria from humans and food-producing animals (JIACRA) addressed data obtained by the Agencies' EU-wide surveillance networks for 2019-2021. The analysis also sought to identify whether significant trends in AMR and AMC were concomitant over 2014-2021. AMC in both human and animal sectors, expressed in mg/kg of estimated biomass, was compared at country and European level. In 2021, the total AMC was assessed at 125.0 mg/kg of biomass for humans (28 EU/EEA countries, range 44.3-160.1) and 92.6 mg/kg of biomass for food-producing animals (29 EU/ EEA countries, range 2.5-296.5). Between 2014 and 2021, total AMC in food-producing animals decreased by 44%, while in humans, it remained relatively stable. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to study associations between AMC and AMR for selected combinations of bacteria and antimicrobials. Positive associations between consumption of certain antimicrobials and resistance to those substances in bacteria from both humans and food-producing animals were observed. For certain combinations of bacteria and antimicrobials, AMR in bacteria from humans was associated with AMR in bacteria from food-producing animals which, in turn, was related to AMC in animals. The relative strength of these associations differed markedly between antimicrobial class, microorganism and sector. For certain antimicrobials, statistically significant decreasing trends in AMC and AMR were concomitant for food-producing animals and humans in several countries over 2014-2021. Similarly, a proportion of countries that significantly reduced total AMC also registered increasing susceptibility to antimicrobials in indicator E. coli from food-producing animals and E. coli originating from human invasive infections (i.e., exhibited 'complete susceptibility' or 'zero resistance' to a harmonised set of antimicrobials). Overall, the findings suggest that measures implemented to reduce AMC in food-producing animals and in humans have been effective in many countries. Nevertheless, these measures need to be reinforced so that reductions in AMC are retained and further continued, where necessary. This also highlights the importance of measures that promote human and animal health, such as vaccination and better hygiene, thereby reducing the need for use of antimicrobials.

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Quantifying Antimicrobial Exposure in Dogs From a Longitudinal Study

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Quantifying topical antimicrobial use before and during participation in an antimicrobial stewardship programme in Dutch companion animal clinics

Quantifying topical antimicrobial use before and during participation in an antimicrobial stewardship programme in Dutch companion animal clinics

Third joint inter‐agency report on integrated analysis of consumption of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from humans and food‐producing animals in the EU/EEA

Antimicrobial consumption and resistance in bacteria from humans and food‐producing animals

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