Quantifying cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous activities using principal dynamic modes analysis of heart rate variability

Zhong, Yulong; Jan, Kung-Ming; Ju, Kihwan; Chon, Ki H.

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00005.2006

Cited by 57 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Clearly, this is the advantage of the PDM over the PSD method since separate dynamics of both branches of the ANS can be resolved. This advantage has also been demonstrated in human subjects in our previous study using pharmacological blockades (23).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Its efficacy was demonstrated by using pharmacological agents on human subjects, and it was more accurate than the PSD method (23). In this study, both the PDM and PSD methods resulted in significant depression of both branches of the ANS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…One widely utilized noninvasive approach involves the application of the power spectral density (PSD) to heart rate variability (HRV) data derived from electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings. However, this has been found to be inaccurate (7,19,23) and, consequently, is not clinically accepted.To overcome the inability of the power spectral density approach to separate the dynamics pertaining to the ANS, we have recently developed and validated a novel mathematical technique to analyze ECG signals to accurately isolate the sympathetic from the parasympathetic component of ANS activity, known as the principal dynamic mode analysis (PDM) (24). Until now, accurate separation of the two ANS components was not possible, thus imbalance could not be accurately observed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We validated this technique on human subjects using pharmacological blockades of the ANS (23). A direct comparison was made between the PDM and PSD, and it was found that the former was significantly more accurate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impairment of the autonomic nervous function during decompression sickness in swine

Yan¹,

Mahon²,

White³

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Dysautonomia has been observed in many cardiac diseases; however, its effect in decompression sickness (DCS) has not been well examined largely due to the difficulty in obtaining experimental data in human or animal subjects. In this study, we examine how DCS affects the autonomic nervous system's (ANS) dynamics in swine. Baseline and post-DCS electrocardiograms were obtained via telemetry recordings and compared. These data were analyzed using both the power spectrum method and our recently developed principal dynamic mode (PDM) analysis. PDM is able to separate the dynamic tones of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Both methods demonstrated a statistically significant decrease (Ͼ55%; P Ͻ 0.05) in the dynamics of both branches of the autonomic nervous system in the swine with DCS compared with the control condition. In cardiac diseases such as myocardial infarction, ANS imbalance is often associated with a significant increase in sympathetic tone, which may or may not be counterbalanced by parasympathetic nervous activity. However, the effect of DCS is such that both branches of the ANS are depressed Ͼ55% compared with the control condition, suggesting impairment, but not imbalance, of the ANS. principal dynamic mode; autonomic nervous system; sympathetic; parasympathetic; heart rate variability DECOMPRESSION SICKNESS (DCS) results from a sudden change from higher to lower ambient pressure. These changes in pressure result in the release of inert gases from body tissues, and depending on the severity can lead to symptoms of pain (type I DCS) or neurological dysfunction or cardiopulmonary injury (type II DCS). To date, accurate predictions of DCS incidence have not been possible. U.S. Navy divers strictly following the Navy dive tables designed to minimize DCS are not fully protected. Moreover, there is considerable individual variability in response to a given dive profile, further complicating DCS risk prediction. Recent studies have discussed possible preventive techniques (6), but they do not address the question of how to detect the early onset of DCS.There have been a few studies implicating an autonomic nervous system (ANS) imbalance in hyperbaric saturation diving (8, 16). For example, it has been reported that there are elevated sympathetic nervous system activities and reduced parasympathetic nervous activities following decompression after saturation diving (8). Yet the effect of DCS on the ANS is largely absent from the literature. It remains to be determined whether ANS dysfunction is also present in DCS and, if so, how the dynamics of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous tones are affected. Our aim is to examine whether early detection of an ANS imbalance could be a bellwether for DCS and a warning to initiate an intervention to prevent its onset.Although evidence supporting the implication of cardiac autonomic imbalance in hyperbaric saturation diving is unquestionable and clear, noninvasive approaches to measure it have been elusive. One widely utilized noninvasive approach ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Impairment of the autonomic nervous function during decompression sickness in swine

Yan¹,

Mahon²,

White³

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…The decomposing independent frequency components of HRV (HF and LF components) have been studying to demonstrate sympathetic and parasympathetic activity [35][36][37]. However, they neglected a complex interaction between the independent frequency components of HRV.…”

Section: Analysis Of Interaction Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Mutual Information and Transfer Entropy to Assess Interaction between Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Activities of Nervous System from HRV

Zheng

Pan

et al. 2017

Entropy

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Abstract:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder that often associates with reduced heart rate variability (HRV) indicating autonomic dysfunction. HRV is mainly composed of high frequency components attributed to parasympathetic activity and low frequency components attributed to sympathetic activity. Although, time domain and frequency domain features of HRV have been used to sleep studies, the complex interaction between nonlinear independent frequency components with OSA is less known. This study included 30 electrocardiogram recordings (20 OSA patient recording and 10 healthy subjects) with apnea or normal label in 1-min segment. All segments were divided into three groups: N-N group (normal segments of normal subjects), P-N group (normal segments of OSA subjects) and P-OSA group (apnea segments of OSA subjects). Frequency domain indices and interaction indices were extracted from segmented RR intervals. Frequency domain indices included nuLF, nuHF, and LF/HF ratio; interaction indices included mutual information (MI) and transfer entropy (TE (H→L) and TE (L→H)). Our results demonstrated that LF/HF ratio was significant higher in P-OSA group than N-N group and P-N group. MI was significantly larger in P-OSA group than P-N group. TE (H→L) and TE (L→H) showed a significant decrease in P-OSA group, compared to P-N group and N-N group. TE (H→L) were significantly negative correlation with LF/HF ratio in P-N group (r = −0.789, p = 0.000) and P-OSA group (r = −0.661, p = 0.002). Our results indicated that MI and TE is powerful tools to evaluate sympathovagal modulation in OSA. Moreover, sympathovagal modulation is more imbalance in OSA patients while suffering from apnea event compared to free event.

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Limbic dysregulation is associated with lowered heart rate variability and increased trait anxiety in healthy adults

Mujica‐Parodi¹,

Korgaonkar²,

Ravindranath³

et al. 2007

Human Brain Mapping

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Objectives: We tested whether dynamic interaction between limbic regions supports a control systems model of excitatory and inhibitory components of a negative feedback loop, and whether dysregulation of those dynamics might correlate with trait differences in anxiety and their cardiac characteristics among healthy adults. Experimental Design: Sixty-five subjects received fMRI scans while passively viewing angry, fearful, happy, and neutral facial stimuli. Subjects also completed a trait anxiety inventory, and were monitored using ambulatory wake ECG. The ECG data were analyzed for heart rate variability, a measure of autonomic regulation. The fMRI data were analyzed with respect to six limbic regions (bilateral amygdala, bilateral hippocampus, Brodmann Areas 9, 45) using limbic time-series cross-correlations, maximum BOLD amplitude, and BOLD amplitude at each point in the time-series. Principal Observations: Diminished coupling between limbic time-series in response to the neutral, fearful, and happy faces was associated with greater trait anxiety, greater sympathetic activation, and lowered heart rate variability. Individuals with greater levels of trait anxiety showed delayed activation of Brodmann Area 45 in response to the fearful and happy faces, and lowered Brodmann Area 45 activation with prolonged left amygdala activation in response to the neutral faces. Conclusions: The dynamics support limbic regulation as a control system, in which dysregulation, as assessed by diminished coupling between limbic time-series, is associated with increased trait anxiety and excitatory autonomic outputs. Trait-anxious individuals showed delayed inhibitory activation in response to overt-affect stimuli and diminished inhibitory activation with delayed extinction of excitatory activation in response to ambiguous-affect stimuli.

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Quantifying cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous activities using principal dynamic modes analysis of heart rate variability

Cited by 57 publications

References 32 publications

Impairment of the autonomic nervous function during decompression sickness in swine

Impairment of the autonomic nervous function during decompression sickness in swine

Use of Mutual Information and Transfer Entropy to Assess Interaction between Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Activities of Nervous System from HRV

Limbic dysregulation is associated with lowered heart rate variability and increased trait anxiety in healthy adults

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