Quantifying Southern Oscillation-Precipitation Relationships

Ropelewski, Chester F.; Halpert, Michael S.

doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<1043:qsopr>2.0.co;2

Cited by 473 publications

(288 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It is clear from Table 1 that ENSO plays a key role in driving Southern Hemisphere synchronicity with seven out of the eight short-term simultaneous dry spells occurring during an El Niño event (noting that none occur during La Niña). This is not surprising given the significant role that ENSO plays in controlling climate around the globe (Ropelewski and Halpert, 1996). While the Pacific Ocean is clearly a major driver, Table 1 shows that short-term droughts can occur against a background of either phase of the IPO (i.e., it is the shorter ENSO cycles that dominate annual episodes).…”

Section: Synchronicity In Dry Spells Across the Southern Hemisphere Smentioning

confidence: 98%

“…While the exact spatial extent of this dry spell is not clear (due to the reduced number of stations recording rainfall during this time) the results imply a degree of temporal consistency during this time for many regions of the Southern Hemisphere. For example, ENSO control on climate is known to extend to Australia, South America, Africa and New Zealand (e.g., Ropelewski and Halpert, 1996). Similarly, Indian Ocean sea surface temperature variability has been shown to affect both Australian and African rainfall (Reason, 1999;Saji et al, 1999;Ansell et al, 2000;Ashok et al, 2003;Verdon and Franks, 2006).…”

Section: Synchronicity In Dry Spells Across the Southern Hemisphere Smentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synchronicity of historical dry spells in the Southern Hemisphere

Verdon‐Kidd

Kiem

2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Section: Synchronicity In Dry Spells Across the Southern Hemisphere Smentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Synchronicity In Dry Spells Across the Southern Hemisphere Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronicity of historical dry spells in the Southern Hemisphere

Verdon‐Kidd

Kiem

2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…and weaker, respectively, leading to weakened northeast trade winds in the TNA and decreased surface evaporation (Ambrizzi et al, 2005;Marshall et al, 2001). The maximum SSTs in the TNA are reached during December-February and March-May (Marshall et al, 2001;Rajagopolan et al, 1997;Ropelewski and Hapert, 1987, 1989, 1996Wang, 2001). During these periods, rainfall below normal is experienced in northern South America.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall variability in suriname and its relationship with the tropical Pacific ENSO SST anomalies and the Atlantic SST anomalies

Nurmohamed

Naipal

Becker

2006

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Abstract:Spatial correlations in the annual rainfall anomalies are analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). Cross correlation analysis and composites are used to measure the influence of sea-surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the tropical Atlantic (TA) and the tropical Pacific Ocean on the seasonal rainfall in Suriname. It is shown that the spatial and time variability in rainfall is mainly determined by the meridional movement of the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ). The rainfall anomalies are fairly uniform over the whole country. The strongest correlation in the December-January rainfall (short wet season) at station Cultuurtuin is found to occur with the SSTAs in the Pacific region and is about c k Nino 1+2 = 0.59 at lag 1 month. In the March-May rainfall (beginning of the long wet season), there is a lagged correlation with the SSTAs in the Pacific region (c lag 3 Nino 1+2 = 0.59). The June-August rainfall (end of the long wet season) shows the highest correlation with SSTAs in the TSA region and is about c = −0.52 for lag 0. In the September-November long dry season there is also a lagged correlation with the TSA SSTAs of about c lag 3 = 0.66. These different correlations and predictors can be used for seasonal rainfall predictions.

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“…[6] There are numerous studies that have addressed the relationship between warm El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events and dry LRS in the Caribbean [Hastenrath, 1976;Aceituno, 1988;Ropelewski and Halpert, 1996]. The focus on the LRS is due to its abundance of rain and its coincidence with the hurricane season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional long-term climate change (1950-2000) in the midtropical Atlantic and its impacts on the hydrological cycle of Puerto Rico

Comarazamy

González

2011

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Large-scale climate data for the north tropical Atlantic (NTA) region show that air temperatures have increased during the past 50 years (1955-1959 to 2000-2004) with moderate warming near the Caribbean islands to considerable heating in the northern region. This pattern may be driven by sea surface temperature anomalies in the same region of study that follow relatively small changes in the Caribbean basin to stronger anomalies in the northeast. These changes might be associated with changes in the long-term pattern of the NTA high-pressure system that drives climate in the region. A series of mesoscale numerical experiments were designed to study the regional impacts these large-scale changes have on the hydrological cycle of the island of Puerto Rico. Results indicate that increased easterly surface winds for the 1950-2000 time frame disrupts a pattern of inland moisture advection and convergence zone, increasing cloud base heights and reducing the total column liquid water content over high elevations. This combination of factors produces a reduction in precipitation over the central and eastern mountains of Puerto Rico.

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Quantifying Southern Oscillation-Precipitation Relationships

Cited by 473 publications

References 22 publications

Synchronicity of historical dry spells in the Southern Hemisphere

Synchronicity of historical dry spells in the Southern Hemisphere

Rainfall variability in suriname and its relationship with the tropical Pacific ENSO SST anomalies and the Atlantic SST anomalies

Regional long-term climate change (1950-2000) in the midtropical Atlantic and its impacts on the hydrological cycle of Puerto Rico

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