Quantifying the dynamics of flow within a permeable bed using time-resolved endoscopic particle imaging velocimetry (EPIV)

Blois, Gianluca; Smith, Gregory H. Sambrook; Best, James L.; Hardy, Richard J.; Lead, Jamie R.

doi:10.1007/s00348-011-1198-8

Cited by 36 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Turbulent coherent structures episodically propagate across the SWI in coarse‐sediment streams, creating an interfacial zone where turbulent stresses and mixing rates are elevated (Blois et al, ; Roche et al, ). As a result, profiles of turbulent momentum and mass diffusivity can reach their maximum near the SWI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Turbulent Hyporheic Mixing on Reach‐Scale Transport

Roche

Bolster

et al. 2019

Water Resources Research

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Turbulence causes rapid mixing of solutes and fine particles between open channel flow and coarse‐grained streambeds. Turbulent mixing is known to control hyporheic exchange fluxes and the distribution of vertical mixing rates in the streambed, but it is unclear how turbulent mixing ultimately influences mass transport at the reach scale. We used a particle‐tracking model to simulate local‐ and reach‐scale solute transport for a stream with coarse‐grained sediments. Simulations were first used to determine profiles of vertical mixing rates that best described solute concentration profiles measured within a coarse granular bed in flume experiments. These vertical mixing profiles were then used to simulate a pulse solute injection to show the effects of turbulent hyporheic exchange on reach‐scale solute transport. Experimentally measured concentrations were best described by simulations with a nonmonotonic mixing profile, with highest mixing at the sediment–water interface and exponential decay into the bed. Reach‐scale simulations show that this enhanced interfacial mixing couples in‐stream and hyporheic solute transport. Coupling produces an interval of exponential decay in breakthrough curves and delays the onset of power law tailing. High streamwise velocities in the hyporheic zone reduce mass recovery in the water column and cause breakthrough curves to exhibit steeper power law slopes than predictions from mobile‐immobile modeling theory. These results demonstrate that transport models must consider the spatial variability of streamwise velocity and vertical mixing for both the stream and the hyporheic zone, and new analytical theory is needed to describe reach‐scale transport when high streamwise velocities are present in the hyporheic zone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Turbulent Hyporheic Mixing on Reach‐Scale Transport

Roche

Bolster

et al. 2019

Water Resources Research

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“…Clearly future work needs to investigate further the effect of bed permeability over a wider range of water‐worked bed conditions, and examine the links between bed porosity geometry and sediment–water fluid exchange processes. In addition there is a need to observe surface–subsurface flow coupling and to extend the study over different flow conditions, given that subsurface flow is contingent upon the Reynolds and Froude numbers (Blois et al ., ), mean flow velocity (Elliott and Brooks, ; Packman et al ., ; Salehin et al ., ), and relative submergence (Tonina and Buffington, ). For example, one might expect the differences in hydrodynamics between permeable and impermeable beds to be greater at higher Reynolds number and mean flow velocities because pore water velocity and turbulence correlate positively with these flow parameters (Elliott and Brooks, ; Packman et al ., ; Salehin et al ., ; Blois et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the permeability of gravel river beds affect near‐bed hydrodynamics?

Cooper

Ockleford

Rice

et al. 2017

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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The permeability of river beds is an important control on hyporheic flow and the movement of fine sediment and solutes into and out of the bed. However, relatively little is known about the effect of bed permeability on overlying near-bed flow dynamics, and thus on fluid advection at the sediment-water interface. This study provides the first quantification of this effect for water-worked gravel beds. Laboratory experiments in a recirculating flume revealed that flows over permeable beds exhibit fundamental differences compared with flows over impermeable beds of the same topography. The turbulence over permeable beds is less intense, more organised and more efficient at momentum transfer because eddies are more coherent. Furthermore, turbulent kinetic energy is lower, meaning that less energy is extracted from the mean flow by this turbulence. Consequently, the double-averaged velocity is higher and the bulk flow resistance is lower over permeable beds, and there is a difference in how momentum is conveyed from the overlying flow to the bed surface. The main implications of these results are three-fold. First, local pressure gradients, and therefore rates of material transport, across the sediment-water interface are likely to differ between impermeable and permeable beds. Second, near-bed and hyporheic flows are unlikely to be adequately predicted by numerical models that represent the bed as an impermeable boundary. Third, more sophisticated flow resistance models are required for coarse-grained rivers that consider not only the bed surface but also the underlying permeable structure. Overall, our results suggest that the effects of bed permeability have critical implications for hyporheic exchange, fluvial sediment dynamics and benthic habitat availability.

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“…Thus, the local Re of CO 2 flow based on this estimated meniscus velocity and the mean pore diameter (49.6 mm) is 21, which falls within the transitional flow regime for single-phase flow in porous media. In this regime, although turbulence has not fully developed, inertial effects cannot be ignored (i.e., Re c 1-100) [Bear, 1988;Ma and Ruth, 1993;Zeng and Grigg, 2006;Blois et al, 2012]. Therefore, inertial effects may be significant during burst events, as suggested by an increasing number of recent pore-scale experimental and numerical studies [Moebius and Or, 2012;Blois et al, 2015;Armstrong and Berg, 2013;Moebius and Or, 2014;Ferrari and Lunati, 2014;Armstrong et al, 2015;Kazemifar et al, 2016].…”

Section: Haines Jump and Its Zone Of Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

Micro‐PIV measurements of multiphase flow of water and liquid CO₂ in 2‐D heterogeneous porous micromodels

Kazemifar

Blois

et al. 2017

Water Resources Research

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We present an experimental study of pore‐scale flow dynamics of liquid CO2 and water in a two‐dimensional heterogeneous porous micromodel, inspired by the structure of a reservoir rock, at reservoir‐relevant conditions (80 bar, 21°C). The entire process of CO2 infiltration into a water‐saturated micromodel was captured using fluorescence microscopy and the micro‐PIV method, which together reveal complex fluid displacement patterns and abrupt changes in velocity. The CO2 front migrated through the resident water in an intermittent manner, forming dendritic structures, termed fingers, in directions along, normal to, and even opposing the bulk pressure gradient. Such characteristics indicate the dominance of capillary fingering through the micromodel. Velocity burst events, termed Haines jumps, were also captured in the heterogeneous micromodel, during which the local Reynolds number was estimated to be ∼21 in the CO2 phase, exceeding the range of validity of Darcy's law. Furthermore, these drainage events were observed to be cooperative (i.e., across multiple pores simultaneously), with the zone of influence of such events extending beyond tens of pores, confirming, in a quantitative manner, that Haines jumps are nonlocal phenomena. After CO2 completely breaks through the porous section, shear‐induced circulations caused by flowing CO2 were also observed, in agreement with previous studies using a homogeneous porous micromodel. To our knowledge, this study is the first quantitative measurement that incorporates both reservoir‐relevant conditions and rock‐inspired heterogeneity, and thus will be useful for pore‐scale model development and validation.

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Quantifying the dynamics of flow within a permeable bed using time-resolved endoscopic particle imaging velocimetry (EPIV)

Cited by 36 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of Turbulent Hyporheic Mixing on Reach‐Scale Transport

Effects of Turbulent Hyporheic Mixing on Reach‐Scale Transport

Does the permeability of gravel river beds affect near‐bed hydrodynamics?

Micro‐PIV measurements of multiphase flow of water and liquid CO₂ in 2‐D heterogeneous porous micromodels

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Quantifying the dynamics of flow within a permeable bed using time-resolved endoscopic particle imaging velocimetry (EPIV)

Cited by 36 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of Turbulent Hyporheic Mixing on Reach‐Scale Transport

Effects of Turbulent Hyporheic Mixing on Reach‐Scale Transport

Does the permeability of gravel river beds affect near‐bed hydrodynamics?

Micro‐PIV measurements of multiphase flow of water and liquid CO2 in 2‐D heterogeneous porous micromodels

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Micro‐PIV measurements of multiphase flow of water and liquid CO₂ in 2‐D heterogeneous porous micromodels