Quantifying the effects of surface conveyance of treated wastewater effluent on groundwater, surface water, and nutrient dynamics in a large river floodplain

Narr, Charlotte F.; Singh, Harsh Vardhan; Mayer, Paul M.; Keeley, Ann; Faulkner, Bart; Beak, Doug; Forshay, Kenneth J.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.12.030

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Effluents from municipal, industrial, and crop fields are transported to groundwater by surface flows via infiltration (recharge) zones. These impurities are first collected into shallow aquifers (Kong et al 2018;Narr et al 2019), before their eventual downward movement to deep groundwater reservoirs, where they may stay for decades or even centuries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical characterization of shallow and deep groundwater in Basement Complex areas of southern Kebbi State, Sokoto Basin, Nigeria

et al. 2019

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Groundwater under Basement Complex areas of southern Kebbi has been characterized in order to determine its suitability for drinking and irrigation use. Water samples were drawn from shallow groundwater (hand-dug shallow wells < 5 m) and deep groundwater (boreholes > 40 m). Physical parameters (i.e., temperature, TDS, pH, and EC), were determined in situ, using handheld meters. Discrete water samples were obtained for determination of chemical parameters. Results from severalsample ANOVA (Kruskal-Wallis test) suggested that heterogeneity in water table appeared to exert significant influence on groundwater chemistry which is characterized by a significant difference in pH, EC TH, Na + , Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , PO 4 3− , Cl − , HCO 3 − , SO 4 2− , and NO 3 − concentrations. Also, ions including Fe 3+ , Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + , PO 4 3− , and SO 4 2− are above World Health Organization (2011) and National Standard for Drinking Water Quality (2007) reference guidelines. Most of the groundwater sources are moderately hard. Groundwater classification based on chloride, EC, and TDS revealed water of excellent quality for all types of uses. However, groundwater classification based on nitrate pollution revealed water of poor quality. Rock mineral is the major mechanism controlling water chemistry, as revealed by the Gibbs model. Most of the water sources have positive Scholler index, indicative of overall base exchange reactions in the underlying aquifers. Such condition was well explained by Piper trilinear diagram, which revealed two types of faces: Ca-Mg-HCO 3 and Ca-Mg-SO 4-Cl. The HCA categorized wells into three groups according to their hydrogeochemical physiognomies. Despite the significant difference in ions concentration and chemical indices, groundwater composition is more influenced by rock weathering than anthropogenic inputs. Groundwater evaluation for irrigation use indicates a significant difference in SAR level which is related to poor permeability index in shallow groundwater. Higher values of Kelly's index and magnesium adsorption ratio threatened groundwater suitability for irrigation use in the study area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical characterization of shallow and deep groundwater in Basement Complex areas of southern Kebbi State, Sokoto Basin, Nigeria

et al. 2019

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“…However, it is hard to investigate subsurface water discharge from nearby watersheds into a river channel in an unclosed watershed because of the limitation of hydrological measurement methods and the complexity of groundwater flow processes. Often these types of groundwater models are highly site-specific [59] or cover vast areas [60]. Furthermore, there are no effective and suitable statistical indicators to estimate the performance of low flows simulation.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced streamflow prediction with SWAT using support vector regression for spatial calibration: A case study in the Illinois River watershed, U.S.

Yuan

Forshay

2021

PLoS ONE

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Accurate streamflow prediction plays a pivotal role in hydraulic project design, nonpoint source pollution estimation, and water resources planning and management. However, the highly non-linear relationship between rainfall and runoff makes prediction difficult with desirable accuracy. To improve the accuracy of monthly streamflow prediction, a seasonal Support Vector Regression (SVR) model coupled to the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was developed for 13 subwatersheds in the Illinois River watershed (IRW), U.S. Terrain, precipitation, soil, land use and land cover, and monthly streamflow data were used to build the SWAT model. SWAT Streamflow output and the upstream drainage area were used as two input variables into SVR to build the hybrid SWAT-SVR model. The Calibration Uncertainty Procedure (SWAT-CUP) and Sequential Uncertainty Fitting-2 (SUFI-2) algorithms were applied to compare the model performance against SWAT-SVR. The spatial calibration and leave-one-out sampling methods were used to calibrate and validate the hybrid SWAT-SVR model. The results showed that the SWAT-SVR model had less deviation and better performance than SWAT-CUP simulations. SWAT-SVR predicted streamflow more accurately during the wet season than the dry season. The model worked well when it was applied to simulate medium flows with discharge between 5 m3 s-1 and 30 m3 s-1, and its applicable spatial scale fell between 500 to 3000 km2. The overall performance of the model on yearly time series is “Satisfactory”. This new SWAT-SVR model has not only the ability to capture intrinsic non-linear behaviors between rainfall and runoff while considering the mechanism of runoff generation but also can serve as a reliable regional tool for an ungauged or limited data watershed that has similar hydrologic characteristics with the IRW.

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“…RW, an important alternative water resource with advantages of stability and controllability, is increasingly essential in addressing the watersupply limitations [3]. RW has been widely used to replenish urban landscape pounds for aesthetic and recreational purposes and to feed nature rivers for restoring the degraded river ecosystem in the USA [4,5], Korea [6], the UK [7], Australia [8], Italy [9], and China [10]. In China, the water quality standard of RW for scenic environment use has been published in 2002 [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies using modelling approaches to identify the RW transport during the MAR [28,29]. However, few studies focus on the long-term hydrological and geochemical responses of groundwater systems to the RW infiltration, when the RW is the only recharge source to the overlying river [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of Groundwater Dynamics in Alluvial Aquifers with Reclaimed Water Restoring the Overlying River, Beijing, China

Zhu

Han

Song

et al. 2021

Water

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Some of the rivers in northern China are dried, and reclaimed water (RW) is used to restore these degraded river ecosystems, during which the RW could recharge the aquifer by river bank infiltration. From 2007 to 2018, 2.78 × 108 m3 of RW has been replenished to the dried Chaobai River (Shunyi reach), Beijing, China, which is located on the edge of one depression cone in groundwater caused by groundwater over-pumping. The groundwater hydrodynamic variations and the flow path of the RW were identified by eight-year hydrological, hydrochemical, and stable isotopic data, together with multivariate statistical analysis. The RW infiltration drastically impacts the groundwater dynamics with a spatiotemporal variation. The 30-m depth groundwater levels at Perennial intake reach increased quickly around 3 m after 2007, which indicated that they were dominated by RW infiltration. Other 30-m depth groundwater levels were controlled by precipitation recharge from 2007 to 2011, showing significant seasonal variations. In 2012, with more RW transferred to the river, the hydrodynamic impact of the RW on 30-m depth aquifer expanded downstream. However, the 50-m and 80-m depth groundwater levels showed decreasing trend with seasonal variations, due to groundwater pumping. The 30-m depth aquifer was mainly recharged by RW, being evidenced by the enriched δ2H and δ18O. The depleted δ2H and δ18O of the 50-m and 80-m depth groundwater indicated that they were dominated by regional groundwater with meteoric origin. The heterogenous properties of the multi-layer alluvial aquifer offer the preferential flow path for RW transport in the aquifers. The proportion of the RW in the aquifers decreases with depth that was calculated by the chloride conservative mixing model. The increased lateral hydraulic gradient (0.43%) contributes to the RW transport in the 30-m depth aquifer. RW usage changed 30-m depth groundwater type from Ca·Mg-HCO3 to Na·Ca·Mg-HCO3·Cl. RW preferentially recharged the 50-m and 80-m depth aquifers by vertical leakage.

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Quantifying the effects of surface conveyance of treated wastewater effluent on groundwater, surface water, and nutrient dynamics in a large river floodplain

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Hydrochemical characterization of shallow and deep groundwater in Basement Complex areas of southern Kebbi State, Sokoto Basin, Nigeria

Hydrochemical characterization of shallow and deep groundwater in Basement Complex areas of southern Kebbi State, Sokoto Basin, Nigeria

Enhanced streamflow prediction with SWAT using support vector regression for spatial calibration: A case study in the Illinois River watershed, U.S.

Variations of Groundwater Dynamics in Alluvial Aquifers with Reclaimed Water Restoring the Overlying River, Beijing, China

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