Quantitative analysis and chromatographic fingerprinting of the semen zizyphi spinosae by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode‐array detector

Abstract

A simple and sensitive method was developed and validated for fingerprint analysis of semen zizyphi spinosae (SZS) and simultaneous determination of six flavonoids in SZS by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode-array detector (DAD). The analysis was performed on an Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18 RRHD column. The column was maintained at 40°C and the eluents were monitored with DAD at 270 nm. A gradient elution of acetonitrile and water containing 20 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate was used. The solvent flow rate was 0.4 mL/min. The method was validated. Standard calibration curves showed good linear behaviors (r=1.000) in the range of 0.33-201.00 μg/mL. Acceptable intra-day precision (RSD<1.9%), inter-day precision (RSD<4.0%), repeatability (RSD<4.1%) and recovery in the range of 97.4-104% were obtained. The validated method was successfully applied to obtain the chromatographic fingerprints and the contents of six flavonoids in 23 samples of SZS. The principal component analysis (PCA) had been applied for the chromatographic fingerprint analysis and quantitative analysis of six flavonoids to classify and discriminate the 23 samples of SZS. These results demonstrated that the method was very suitable in the analysis and quality control of SZS.

Traditional Herbal FormulaBanhasasim-tangExerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects in RAW 264.7 Macrophages and HaCaT Keratinocytes

“…BHSST consists of eight medicinal herbs, Pinelliae Tuber, Scutellariae Radix, Ginseng Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Coptidis Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma Crudus, and Zizyphi Fructus in 4 : 3 : 3 : 3 : 2 : 1 : 2 : 2 proportions. The main constituents of each herbal medicine are known as follows: phenolic acid (e.g., homogentisic acid) and phenolic aldehyde (e.g., 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde) from Pinelliae Tuber [ 13 ], flavonoids (e.g., baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, and wogonin) from Scutellariae Radix [ 14 ], triterpene saponins (e.g., ginsenoside Rb1) from Ginseng Radix [ 15 ], triterpene saponin (e.g., glycyrrhizin) and flavonoids (e.g., liquiritin and liquiritigenin) from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma [ 16 ], phenols (e.g., 6-, 8-, and 10-gingerol) from Zingiberis Rhizoma and Zingiberis Rhizoma Crudus [ 17 ], alkaloids (e.g., berberine, coptisine, and palmatine) from Coptidis Rhizoma [ 18 ], and flavonoids (e.g., spinosin and 6′′′-feruloylspinosin) from Zizyphi Fructus [ 19 ].…”

Quantitative and pattern recognition analyses of magnoflorine, spinosin, 6′′′-feruloyl spinosin and jujuboside A by HPLC in Zizyphi Semen

“…UPLC–DAD has been applied for chromatographic fingerprint analysis and quantitative analysis of six flavonoids to classify and discriminate 23 Zizyphi Semen samples, but had complicated elution conditions like poor elution times of 15.45 or 22.95 min. HPLC chromatogram also exhibited some overlapped peaks of marker compounds (Niu and Zhang 2011). In C.P., two methods, such as HPLC–UV to determine spinosin and HPLC–ELSD to determine jujuboside A, have been used to assay marker compounds in Zyziphi Semen.…”

“…In previous studies, several analytical methods such as ultraviolet spectrophotometry (Li and Li 2001), liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy (Liu et al 2007; Li et al 2008), ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array detector (UPLC–DAD) (Niu and Zhang 2011) and HPLC–UV (Shin et al 1982) have been established to quantify or identify the components in Zizyphi Semen. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry, targeting spinosin and other flavonoids, is a simple method but does not provide detailed chemical information like retention times of magnoflorine and jujuoboside A (Li and Li 2001).…”

HPLC–PDA and LC–MS/MS Analysis for the Simultaneous Quantification of the 14 Marker Components in Sojadodamgangki-Tang

“…The main components in the medicinal herbs that make up SDGT are known to be as follows: phenylpropanoids (e.g., rosmarinic acid) and sesquiterpenoids (e.g., β-caryophyllene) from Perillae Fructus [6], phenols (e.g., homogentisic acid and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde) from Pinelliae Tuber [7], coumarins (e.g., decursin and decursinol angelate) from Angelicae Gigantis Radix [8], flavonoids (e.g., apigenin and schaftoside) from Arisaematis Rhizoma [9,10], flavonoids (e.g., hesperidin, nobiletin, and narirutin) from Citri Unshius Pericarpium [11,12], coumrins (e.g., praeruptorin A and B) from Peucedani Radix [13], lignans (e.g., honokiol and magnolol) from Magnoliae Cortex [14], flavonoids (e.g., poncirin and neoponcirin) from Ponciri Fructus Immaturus [15], triterpenoids (e.g., pachymic acid, dehydroeburicoic acid, and polyporenic acid C) from Poria Sclerotium [16,17], flavonoids (e.g., liquiritigenin), flavonoid glycoside (e.g., liquiritin apioside and liquiritin), and triterpenoid glycosides (e.g., glycyrrhizin) from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma [18], phenols (e.g., 6-and 10-gingerol) 2 of 11 from Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens [19], and flavonoid glycosides (e.g., spinosin and 6 -feruloylspinosin) from Zizyphi Fructus [20].…”