Quantitative analysis of periodontal pathogens present in the saliva of geriatric subjects

Shet, Uttom Kumar; Oh, Hee-Kyun; Kim, Hyejeong; Chung, Hyun-Ju; Kim, Young-Joon; Kim, Ok-Su; Choi, Hongran; Kim, Ok-Jun; Lim, Hoi-Jeong; Lee, Seok‐Woo

doi:10.5051/jpis.2013.43.4.183

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This is due to variations in the number of salivary bacteria among the different time points as well as the small proportion of periodontal pathogens (less than 0.02%) relative to total bacteria in saliva. Compared with a previous study that showed a salivary level of periodontal pathogens from 10 4 to 10 7 cells per mL in patients with periodontal disease, 5 most subjects in this study had fewer than 10 4 periodontal pathogens in their saliva. This might be explained by the fact that the subjects in this study practiced relatively good oral hygiene (OHI-S was 1.45 6 0.7 at T1) without any active periodontal lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…When power analysis to estimate effect size was performed using information from previous studies, 5,7 at least 40 subjects would have been required to analyze the periodontal pathogens. Because a previous study showed that bracket type does not significantly influence time-related differences in salivary bacterial levels, 9 saliva samples from 54 subjects with different brackets were analyzed as one group to evaluate time-related changes in salivary levels of periodontal pathogens after debonding ( Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Considering that saliva collection is a simple, safe, economical, and noninvasive method, it should be a useful medium for monitoring oral pathogen levels during orthodontic treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in salivary periodontal pathogens after orthodontic treatment: An in vivo prospective study

Kim

Jung

Cho

et al. 2015

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objective: To analyze the initial changes in salivary levels of periodontal pathogens after orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Materials and Methods: The subjects consisted of 54 adult patients. The Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, Plaque Index, and Gingival Index were measured as periodontal parameters. Both the plaque and gingival indexes were obtained from the central and lateral incisors and first molars of both arches. Whole saliva and periodontal parameters were obtained at the following four time points: immediately before debonding (T1), 1 week after debonding (T2), 5 weeks after debonding (T3), and 13 weeks after debonding (T4). Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to determine salivary bacterial levels and periodontal parameters among the four time points after quantifying salivary levels of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Tannerella forsythia (Tf), and total bacteria using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: All periodontal parameters were significantly decreased immediately after debonding (T2). The salivary levels of total bacteria and Pg were decreased at T3, while Pi and Tf levels were decreased at T4. However, the amount of Aa and Fn remained at similar levels in saliva during the experimental period. Interestingly, Aa and Fn were present in saliva at higher levels than were Pg, Pi, and Tf. Conclusion: The higher salivary levels of Aa and Fn after debonding suggests that the risk of periodontal problems cannot be completely eliminated by the removal of fixed orthodontic appliances during the initial retention period, despite improved oral hygiene. (Angle Orthod. 2016;86:998-1003.)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in salivary periodontal pathogens after orthodontic treatment: An in vivo prospective study

Kim

Jung

Cho

et al. 2015

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…The purpose of this study was to assess humoral immune (IgG) responses to periodontal pathogens in elderly patients with chronic periodontitis in an effort to better understand immune function in this group. Serum samples were obtained from the same geriatric patients used in our previous microbiological study [ 16 ], and here we analyzed IgG antibody levels in response to six periodontal pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of the present study indicate that serum IgG antibody levels to P. gingivalis , T. forsythia , T. denticola, and F. nucleatum in patients with SCP were higher than in those with MCP. Our previous study showed that the amount of these bacteria increased as the severity of the disease increased from MCP to SCP, and that the presence of these bacteria in the saliva was associated with the severity of periodontal disease in geriatric patients [ 16 ]. Considering the fact that IgG levels may reflect a host’s previous exposure to periodontal pathogens [ 8 ], the present results suggest that increased IgG levels reflect the current disease status of chronic periodontitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral immune responses to periodontal pathogens in the elderly

Shet

Chung

et al. 2015

J Periodontal Implant Sci

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PurposeElderly people are thought to be more susceptible to periodontal disease due to reduced immune function associated with aging. However, little information is available on the nature of immune responses against putative periodontal pathogens in geriatric patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum IgG antibody responses to six periodontal pathogens in geriatric subjects.MethodsThe study population consisted of 85 geriatric patients and was divided into three groups: 29 mild (MCP), 27 moderate (MoCP) and 29 severe (SCP) chronic periodontitis patients. Serum levels of IgG antibody to Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella intermedia were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared among the groups.ResultsAll three groups showed levels of serum IgG in response to P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and P. intermedia that were three to four times higher than levels of IgG to T. forsythia, T. denticola, and F. nucleatum. There were no significant differences among all three groups in IgG response to P. gingivalis (P=0.065), T. forsythia (P=0.057), T. denticola (P=0.1), and P. intermedia (P=0.167), although the IgG levels tended to be higher in patients with SCP than in those with MCP or MoCP (with the exception of those for P. intermedia). In contrast, there were significant differences among the groups in IgG levels in response to F. nucleatum (P=0.001) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (P=0.003). IgG levels to A. actinomycetemcomitans were higher in patients with MCP than in those with MoCP or SCP.ConclusionsWhen IgG levels were compared among three periodontal disease groups, only IgG levels to F. nucleatum significantly increased with the severity of disease. On the contrary, IgG levels to A. actinomycetemcomitans decreased significantly in patients with SCP compared to those with MCP. There were no significant differences in the IgG levels for P. gingivalis, T. forsythia, T. denticola, and P. intermedia among geriatric patients with chronic periodontitis.

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Quantitative Detection for Porphyromonas gingivalis in Tooth Pocket and Saliva by Portable Electrochemical DNA Sensor Linked with PCR

et al. 2014

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The resemblance between colloidal and molecular polymerization reactions is very useful in fundamental studies of polymerization reactions, as well as in the development of new nanoscale systems with desired properties. Future applications of colloidal polymers will require nanoparticle ensembles with a high degree of complexity that can be realized by hetero‐assembly of NPs with different dimensions, shapes, and compositions. A method has been developed to apply strategies from molecular copolymerization to the co‐assembly of gold nanorods with different dimensions into random and block copolymer structures (plasmonic copolymers). The approach was extended to the co‐assembly of random copolymers of gold and palladium nanorods. A kinetic model validated and further expanded the kinetic theories developed for molecular copolymerization reactions.

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Quantitative analysis of periodontal pathogens present in the saliva of geriatric subjects

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Changes in salivary periodontal pathogens after orthodontic treatment: An in vivo prospective study

Changes in salivary periodontal pathogens after orthodontic treatment: An in vivo prospective study

Humoral immune responses to periodontal pathogens in the elderly

Quantitative Detection for Porphyromonas gingivalis in Tooth Pocket and Saliva by Portable Electrochemical DNA Sensor Linked with PCR

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