Quantitative analysis of radiocaesium retention in soils

Cremers, Adrien; Elsen, A.; Preter, P. de; Maes, André

doi:10.1038/335247a0

Cited by 627 publications

(323 citation statements)

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“…2(b), an index to estimate the quantity of radioisotopes of Cs adsorbed by FESs per unit soil volume has been suggested. It is called the "radiocesium interception potential" (RIP), 15,16) whose value can be obtained by covering all other sites with sufficiently dense AgTU or Ca 2+ and measuring the selectivity of radioactive Cs for K on the uncovered FESs. The RIP value is known to be about 0.006 mol/kg in kaolinite, one of the 1:1 phyllosilicates, while that in mica reaches 11.8 mol/kg, indicating the strong and selective affinities of Cs to FESs.…”

Section: Ccse Japan Atomic Energy Agency Kashiwa Chiba 277-8587 Jmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Strong Affinity of Clay Minerals to Radioactive Cesium: First-Principles Calculation Study for Adsorption of Cesium at Frayed Edge Sites in Muscovite

2013

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Section: Ccse Japan Atomic Energy Agency Kashiwa Chiba 277-8587 Jmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Strong Affinity of Clay Minerals to Radioactive Cesium: First-Principles Calculation Study for Adsorption of Cesium at Frayed Edge Sites in Muscovite

2013

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“…Studies of cesium sorption by illite suggest that frayed edges and interlayers retain cesium with a high degree of selectivity (Brouwer et al, 1983). These "superselective" sites comprise only a small fraction of the clay's total cation exchange capacity, but the solid-liquid distribution coefficient is so large that cesium sorbed at these sites is effectively immobilized (Cremers et al, 1988). Lominick and Tamura (1965) performed desorption experiments using illite-rich lake sediment contaminated by nuclear reactor discharge.…”

Section: Episodic Sediment Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cesium sorption by illite is thought to occur at a number of exchange sites (Sawhney, 1972), each having distinct specificity (Cremers et al, 1988) and sorption kinetics (Comans and Hockley, 1992). Since tracer experiments are conducted over time periods of days to weeks, distribution coefficients measured by this approach are relevant to ion exchange at the most accessible sites on the clay particles' exterior surface.…”

Section: Episodic Sediment Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Episodic deposition and 137Cs immobility in Skan Bay sediments: A ten-year 210Pb and 137Cs time series

1994

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Sugai, S.F., Alperin, M.J. and Reeburgh, W.S., 1994. Episodic deposition and 137Cs immobility in Skan Bay sediments: A ten-year 2X°pb and 13~Cs time series. In: M.I. Scranton (Editor), Variability in Anoxic Systems. Mar. Geol., A geochronology time series provides a powerful tool for elucidating sedimentary processes such as episodic deposition and diffusive mobility of particle-reactive constituents. Depth distributions of 21°Pb and 137Cs from Skan Bay, Alaska were determined for sediment cores collected in 1980, 1984, 1987, and 1990. Sediment X-radiographs reveal distinct layers indicating that sediments were not continuously mixed by bioturbation. However, the geochronology time series is inconsistent with an undisturbed, steady-state sediment column. Profiles from 1980Profiles from , 1984Profiles from , and 1990 reveal subsurface regions in which 21°pb activity is relatively constant. In addition, the depth of the primary 137Cs maximum (reflecting the 1963 peak in atmospheric bomb testing) does not increase in a regular fashion between 1980 and 1990. The 21°pb and 137Cs geochronologies can be reconciled by removing the effects of an instantaneous depositional event. The average 2X°pb sedimentation rate (corrected for episodic deposition) in cores that were collected over a ten year period (0.241 +0.006 g cm -2 yr-1) is in excellent agreement with the average 137Cs sedimentation rate (0.258 _+ 0.008 gcm-2 yr-1) calculated from three stratigraphic markers [peak fallout (1963), first appearance in the sediment record (1952), and the Chernobyl accident (1986)]. The mobility of bomb-derived 13VCs under in situ conditions was evaluated by a time-dependent numerical model applied to the 137Cs time series. The model indicates that bomb-derived cesium is immobile in Skan Bay sediments with a solid-liquid distribution coefficient (Kd) of/> 105 (ml g-1).

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“…The total number of these sites is called the frayed edge site (FES) capacity (Cremers et al, 1988). The specific caesium sorption at the FES is heterogeneous: ϳ0.5 to 10% of the FES sites have a higher affinity for radiocaesium and are called the high-affinity sites (Wauters, 1994).…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%