Quantitative Analysis of Tylosin in Eggs by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry:  Residue Depletion Kinetics after Administration via Feed and Drinking Water in Laying Hens

Hamscher, Gerd; Limsuwan, Sasithorn; Tansakul, Natthasit; Kietzmann, Manfred

doi:10.1021/jf062205i

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Other researchers have also detected low transfer ratios of tylosin to the eggs (20, 23,32), while oxytetracycline concentrations were over the MRL for the first 5 days posttreatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Other factors that should be considered are the physicochemical properties of the drugs: the molecular weight in oxytetracycline is almost half of tylosin's molecular weight, facilitating passing through the tissue membranes of the former. In addition, the liposolubility of oxytetracycline favors this drug reaching the peripheral tissues with high lipid content, in comparison with tylosin, a hydrosoluble molecule (1, 3,23,26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To ensure the safety of these products, only eggs produced after completion of an adequate withdrawal period can be used for human consumption (24). Thus, many authors have studied and established the withdrawal times (WDTs) for several veterinary antimicrobials in eggs, considering the egg as a whole edible product (4,8,23,31) or egg compartments considered as separate matrices (9,27,32,33). Different authors have studied factors that determine the antimicrobial agents' distribution between egg yolk and white; however, currently, there is no consensus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxytetracycline has a molecular weight of 460 g/mol, has a mild liposolubility, and presents a moderate oral bioavailability, with an intermediate apparent volume of distribution (1,3). In contrast, tylosin has a molecular weight of 916 g/mol, is hydrosoluble, has a low oral bioavailability, and its apparent volume of distribution is low in comparison to oxytetracycline (23,26).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Withdrawal Times of Oxytetracycline and Tylosin in Eggs of Laying Hens after Oral Administration

Muñoz¹,

Cornejo

Maddaleno³

et al. 2014

Journal of Food Protection

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Antimicrobials administered to laying hens may be distributed into egg white or yolk, indicating the importance of evaluating withdrawal times (WDTs) of the pharmaceutical formulations. In the present study, oxytetracycline and tylosin's WDTs were estimated. The concentration and depletion of these molecules in eggs were linked to their pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties. Twenty-seven Leghorn hens were used: 12 treated with oxytetracycline, 12 treated with tylosin, and 3 remained as an untreated control group. After completion of therapies, eggs were collected daily and drug concentrations in egg white and yolk were assessed. The yolk was used as the target tissue to evaluate the WDT; the results were 9 and 3 days for oxytetracycline and tylosin, respectively. In particular, oxytetracycline has a good oral bioavailability, a moderate apparent volume of distribution, a molecular weight of 460 g/mol, and is lightly liposoluble. Tylosin, a hydrosoluble compound, with a molecular weight of 916 g/mol, has a low oral bioavailability and a low apparent volume of distribution, too. Present results suggest that the WDTs of the studied antimicrobials are strongly influenced by their oral bioavailability, the distribution, and the molecular weight and solubility, and that these properties also influence the distribution between the egg yolk and white.

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“…Other researchers have also detected low transfer ratios of tylosin to the eggs (20, 23,32), while oxytetracycline concentrations were over the MRL for the first 5 days posttreatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Withdrawal Times of Oxytetracycline and Tylosin in Eggs of Laying Hens after Oral Administration

Muñoz¹,

Cornejo

Maddaleno³

et al. 2014

Journal of Food Protection

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“…The macrolides reversibly bind to the 50S ribosomal unit and inhibit bacterial protein biosynthesis [4] . They are widely used in veterinary medicine and in the husbandry of livestock to prevent and treat respiratory diseases, necrotic enteritis and to promote growth in foodproducing animals when incorporated at subtherapeutic level into feedingstuffs or drinking water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Erythromycin, Spiramycin, Tilmicosin and Tylosin in Animal Feedingstuffs by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Yibar¹,

Özcan²,

Karaca³

2014

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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Detection of macrolides residues in animal feedingstuffs to ensure food safety is very important issue. For this purpose, a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of residues of 4 macrolides (erythromycin, spiramycin, tilmicosin and tylosin) in animal feedingstuffs. Roxithromycin (ROX), a macrolide not used in veterinary medicine, was used as internal standard. The mass spectral acquisition was done in the positive-ion mode applying multiple reaction monitoring with the following ions (mass-to-charge ratio, m/z): m/z 837.4→679.2; m/z 734.4→576.2; m/z 422.4→174.1; m/z 869.1→696.1 and m/z 916.4→772.4 for roxithromycin (ROX), erythromycin (ERY), spiramycin (SPI), tilmicosin (TIL), and tylosin (TYL), respectively. Good repeatibility, reproducibility and recovery values was obtained. Average recoveries ranged from 98.9% (TIL) to 101% (ERY) and an overall mean of 99.9%. Method limits of detection (LODs) of ERY, SPI, TIL and TYL 5.1, 6.6, 6.7 and 7.5 µg kg-1 were achieved respectively. Method limits of quantification (LOQs) were 8.5, 11.1, 11.2 and 12.4 µg kg-1 for the same drugs, respectively. Satisfactory decision limits (CCα) and detection capabilities (CCβ) were also attained. The method is simple, rapid, sensitive and suitable for the simultaneous determination of macrolide antibiotics in animal feedingstuffs. Keywords: Macrolides, Feedingstuffs, Validation, LC-MS/MS Hayvan Yemlerinde Eritromisin, Spiramisin, Tilmikosin ve Tilosinin LC-MS/MS İle Tespiti ÖzetMakrolid grubu antibiyotiklerin hayvan yemlerinde tespit edilmesi gıda güvenliğinin sağlanması açısından çok önemli bir konudur. Bu amaçla, hayvan yemlerinde kullanılan 4 adet makrolid (eritromisin, spiramisin, tilmikosin ve tilosin)'in tespiti için sıvı kromatografi-tandem kütle spektrometrisi (LC-MS/MS) metodu valide edilerek kullanılmıştır. Roksitromisin (ROX), veteriner hekimlik alanında kullanılmayan bir makroliddir ve bu yüzden çalışmada iç standart olarak kullanılmıştır. Kütle spektrası uygulaması pozitif-iyon modunda ve çoklu reaksiyon izleme modunda gerçekleştirilerek, (kütle/şarj oranı, m/z) roksitromisin (ROX) için m/z 837.4→679.2; eritromisin (ERY) için m/z 734.4→576.2; spiramisin (SPI) için m/z 422.4→174.1; tilmikosin (TIL) için m/z 869.1→696.1 ve tilosin (TYL) için m/z 916.4→772.4 taranmıştır. İyi bir tekrarlanabilirlik, üretilebilirlik ve geri kazanım değerleri elde edildi. Hesaplanan ortalama geri kazanım değerleri %98.9 (TIL)'den %101'e (ERY) kadar değişmekle beraber, toplam ortalama %99.9 olarak gerçekleşti. Metodun tespit limitleri (LOD) ERY, SPI, TIL ve TYL için sırasıyla, 5.1, 6.6, 6.7 and 7.5 µg kg-1 olarak hesaplandı. Metodun sayı verilebilir limitleri aynı sırayla 8.5, 11.1, 11.2 and 12.4 µg kg-1 olarak gerçekleşti. Validasyon sonucunda belirtilen bu dört makrolid için memnun edici karar limitleri (CCα) ve karar verebilme kapasitelerine (CCβ) de ulaşılabildi. Validasyon sonuçlarına bakıldığında basit, hızlı, duyarlı ve uygun olan bu metot yukarıda belirtilen dört...

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Veterinary Drugs in Soil and in the Aquatic Environment

Hamscher¹,

Mohring²

2012

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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In den letzten Jahren wurden weltweit Untersuchungen zu Vorkommen, Verhalten und möglichen Effekten von Tierarzneimitteln in der Umwelt durchgeführt. Der nach wie vor beträchtliche Einsatz von Tierarzneimitteln in der intensiven Tierhaltung führt vor allem zu einem Eintrag von pharmakologisch wirksamen Stoffen und ihren Metaboliten in Wirtschaftsdünger. Durch die Düngung gelangen diese in Böden und evtl. auch in das Grundwasser. Akute toxische Effekte auf Umweltorganismen durch bestimmte Antiparasitika sind bereits seit längerer Zeit bekannt, während vergleichbare Wirkungen durch die gemessenen Veterinärantibiotika-Konzentrationen nicht zu erwarten sind. Allerdings gibt es Hinweise auf einen Anstieg antibiotischer Resistenzgene in Böden. Eine Reduktion des Eintrags an Tierarzneimitteln in die Umwelt muss daher angestrebt werden. Möglichkeiten auf tiermedizinischer, legislativer und technologischer Ebene werden vorgestellt.An increasing number of investigations regarding occurrence, behavior and effects of veterinary drugs in the environment have been performed during the last years. Veterinary drugs are frequently used in high amounts leading to considerable concentrations of these compounds and their metabolites in manure and pig slurry. During fertilization with liquid manure substantial amounts of veterinary drugs and metabolites or transformation products reach agricultural soils and subsequently our ground water resources. While acute toxic effects on organisms in the environment of certain antiparasitic drugs are well known, comparable effects of the detected veterinary antibiotics cannot be expected. There is evidence that antibiotic resistance genes arise in soil after manure application. Therefore, the entry of veterinary drugs into the environment should be reduced and promising veterinarian, legislative and technological measures to reach this goal will be presented.

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Quantitative Analysis of Tylosin in Eggs by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry: Residue Depletion Kinetics after Administration via Feed and Drinking Water in Laying Hens

Abstract: Tylosin; residue; depletion; laying hen; withholding period; mass spectrometry.

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Withdrawal Times of Oxytetracycline and Tylosin in Eggs of Laying Hens after Oral Administration

Withdrawal Times of Oxytetracycline and Tylosin in Eggs of Laying Hens after Oral Administration

Determination of Erythromycin, Spiramycin, Tilmicosin and Tylosin in Animal Feedingstuffs by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Veterinary Drugs in Soil and in the Aquatic Environment

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