Quantitative biochronology of the Permian–Triassic boundary in South China based on conodont unitary associations

Brosse, Morgane; Bucher, Hugo; Goudemand, Nicolas

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.02.003

Cited by 66 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…3.1.3), we cancelled out the potential effect of over-representative data accumulation on the temporal trend of stochastic residual δ 13 C carb variability. Sampling effort might also have affected fossil collecting, thereby biasing conodont biozonation schemes, which heavily relies on the first-appearance datum of certain fossil species (Wang et al, 2014;Brosse et al, 2016). As such, it would be conceivable that longer-duration biozones could capture a more temporally variable marine DIC δ 13 C compared to shorter-duration biozones.…”

Section: Residual Carbon Isotope Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through the application of the R package ReacTran (Soetaert and Meysman, 2012), a sediment grid 10 m thick with 20 000 layers of identical thicknesses was generated. The finite difference approach transforms the partial differentials into ordinary differentials which are subsequently integrated by a stiff solver routine vode (Brown and Hindmarsh, 1989) within the R package DeSolve (Soetaert et al, 2010). Boundary conditions were chosen to reflect Permian oceanic conditions based on the current state of research (Sect.…”

Section: Numerical Solutions and Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Latest Permian carbonate carbon isotope variability traces heterogeneous organic carbon accumulation and authigenic carbonate formation

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Bulk-carbonate carbon isotope ratios are a widely applied proxy for investigating the ancient biogeochemical carbon cycle. Temporal carbon isotope trends serve as a prime stratigraphic tool, with the inherent assumption that bulk micritic carbonate rock is a faithful geochemical recorder of the isotopic composition of seawater dissolved inorganic carbon. However, bulk-carbonate rock is also prone to incorporate diagenetic signals. The aim of the present study is to disentangle primary trends from diagenetic signals in carbon isotope records which traverse the Permian-Triassic boundary in the marine carbonate-bearing sequences of Iran and South China. By pooling newly produced and published carbon isotope data, we confirm that a global first-order trend towards depleted values exists. However, a large amount of scatter is superimposed on this geochemical record. In addition, we observe a temporal trend in the amplitude of this residual δ 13 C variability, which is reproducible for the two studied regions. We suggest that (sub-)sea-floor microbial communities and their control on calcite nucleation and ambient porewater dissolved inorganic carbon δ 13 C pose a viable mechanism to induce bulk-rock δ 13 C variability. Numerical model calculations highlight that early diagenetic carbonate rock stabilization and linked carbon isotope alteration can be controlled by organic matter supply and subsequent microbial remineralization. A major biotic decline among Late Permian bottom-dwelling organisms facilitated a spatial increase in heterogeneous organic carbon accumulation. Combined with low marine sulfate, this resulted in varying degrees of carbon isotope overprinting. A simulated time series suggests that a 50 % increase in the spatial scatter of organic carbon relative to the average, in addition to an imposed increase in the likelihood of sampling cements formed by microbial calcite nucleation to 1 out of 10 samples, is sufficient to induce the observed signal of carbon isotope variability. These findings put constraints on the application of Permian-Triassic carbon isotope chemostratigraphy based on whole-rock samples, which appears less refined than classical biozonation dating schemes. On the other hand, this signal of increased carbon isotope variability concurrent with the largest mass extinction of the Phanerozoic may proPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union.

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Section: Residual Carbon Isotope Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Numerical Solutions and Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest Permian carbonate carbon isotope variability traces heterogeneous organic carbon accumulation and authigenic carbonate formation

et al. 2017

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“…However, in our opinion, the UAZ analysis presented by Brosse et al (2016) is based on unreliable taxonomic data sets with unjustified taxonomic re-assessments. No evidence shows that the UAZ approach improves the biozone biostratigraphy currently used to date the PTB.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Keywords: Permian-Triassic boundary; Unitary Associations; conodonts; South China A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT Brosse, Bucher and Goudemand (2016) have proposed the use of conodont Unitary Associations Zones (UAZs) to substantially modify the biostratigraphy of the Permian-Triassic transition and to redefine the chosen level of the Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB), because of a perceived weakness of conventional interval zones.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Please cite this article as: Jiang, Haishui, Wignall, Paul B., Chen, Zhong-Qiang, Xie, Shucheng, Lai, Xulong, Song, Haijun, Wang, Lina, Comment on "Quantitative biochronology of the Permian-Triassic boundary in South China based on conodont unitary associations" by Brosse et al (2016), Earth Science Reviews (2016Reviews ( ), doi:10.1016Reviews ( /j.earscirev.2016 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript.…”

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Comment on “Quantitative biochronology of the Permian–Triassic boundary in South China based on conodont unitary associations” by Brosse et al. (2016)

Jiang

Wignall

Chen

et al. 2017

Earth-Science Reviews

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Persistent Environmental Stress Delayed the Recovery of Marine Communities in the Aftermath of the Latest Permian Mass Extinction

Foster

Lehrmann

et al. 2018

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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The aftermath of the latest Permian mass extinction is a key interval for the evolution of modern marine ecosystems. It has been hypothesized that the magnitude of the mass extinction delayed the subsequent recovery, and so to test this, we undertook the highest resolution study to date of the post‐extinction (Griesbachian) microbialite unit on the Great Bank of Guizhou, south China. The benthic community from the microbialite unit is taxonomically diverse when compared to other coeval deposits, recording both inarticulate and articulate brachiopods, crinoids, echinoids, bivalves, gastropods, microconchids, and ostracods. Here we recognize 49 taxa from 4,557 individuals, which raise the known diversity of the Great Bank of Guizhou basal microbialite unit to 84 invertebrate species, making it the most diverse Early Triassic community currently reported. About 89% of the genera are Permian holdovers, whilst only 13% of the species are Permian holdovers. These new data record no temporal trends in the species richness, Simpson diversity, Simpson effective diversity, taxonomic distinctness, functional diversity, or body size of the benthos during the post‐extinction microbialite unit. Nevertheless, the small body sizes of the benthic community, prevalence of opportunistic taxa (e.g., Claraia), and the large lophophoral cavity in the lingulid brachiopod, Sinolingularia huananensis, suggests that these animals lived in a highly stressed environment. We propose that the microbialite unit contains a survival fauna in an interval that represents persistent environmental stress from the latest Permian mass extinction event, associated with deoxygenation, high temperatures, elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide levels (pCO2), and elevated primary productivity.

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Quantitative biochronology of the Permian–Triassic boundary in South China based on conodont unitary associations

Cited by 66 publications

References 45 publications

Latest Permian carbonate carbon isotope variability traces heterogeneous organic carbon accumulation and authigenic carbonate formation

Latest Permian carbonate carbon isotope variability traces heterogeneous organic carbon accumulation and authigenic carbonate formation

Comment on “Quantitative biochronology of the Permian–Triassic boundary in South China based on conodont unitary associations” by Brosse et al. (2016)

Persistent Environmental Stress Delayed the Recovery of Marine Communities in the Aftermath of the Latest Permian Mass Extinction

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