Quantitative comparison of electrically induced spin and orbital polarizations in heavy-metal/
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-metal bilayers

Salemi, Leandro; Berritta, Marco; Oppeneer, Peter M.

doi:10.1103/physrevmaterials.5.074407

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The calculated Kohn-Sham eigenstates |nk and band eigenenergies ε nk , with n the band index and k the wavevector, are used as input for the linear-response theory calculations. The Kubo linear-response expression [40,49] for the spin Hall tensor reads…”

Section: A Symmetry Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the ferromagnetic 3d elements we find that the T -odd MSHE components mainly originates from the intraband response contribution, i.e., from the Fermi surface. Salemi et al [40] investigated the MSHE and MOHE for ferromagnetic metal/Pt bilayer films and computed non-negligible MSHE conductivities in the ferromagnetic layer.…”

Section: B Relation To Other Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were recently discussed in the case of non-collinear antiferromagnets [36][37][38]. Such T -odd generation of spin currents has been referred to as magnetic SHE (MSHE) [38][39][40]. Although it was proposed that such components should exists for a broader class of materials, such as simple ferromagnets [41,42], no material-dependent ab initio study has been performed for these so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory of magnetic spin and orbital Hall and Nernst effects in bulk ferromagnets

Salemi,

Oppeneer

2022

Preprint

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The magnetic spin Hall effect (MSHE) is an anomalous charge-to-spin conversion phenomenon which occurs in ferromagnetic materials. In contrast to the conventional spin Hall effect (SHE), being a time-reversal even effect, the magnetic counterpart is time-reversal odd.In this work, we use ab initio calculations to investigate the MSHE for the bulk ferromagnets Fe, Co, and Ni. The magnitudes of the MSHE of Fe and Co are comparable to those of the SHE, but the MSHE is strongly dependent on the electron lifetime and the MSHE and SHE can moreover have opposite signs. For Ni the MSHE is smaller than the SHE, but in general, the MSHE cannot be ignored for spin-orbit torques. Considering a charge current we analyze how both the MSHE and SHE contribute to a total Hall angle. We extend our analysis of the MSHE to its orbital counterpart, that is, the magnetic orbital Hall effect (MOHE), for which we show that the MOHE is in general smaller than the orbital Hall effect (OHE). We compute furthermore the thermal analogs, i.e., the spin and orbital Nernst effects, and their magnetic counterparts. Here our calculations show that the magnetic spin and orbital Nernst effects of Ni are substantially larger than those of Fe and Co.

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Section: A Symmetry Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Relation To Other Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Theory of magnetic spin and orbital Hall and Nernst effects in bulk ferromagnets

Salemi,

Oppeneer

2022

Preprint

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“…The OHE is a phenomenon that generates an orbital current flowing perpendicular to an applied electric field (see Fig. 1b) [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] , which stems from nonequilibrium interband superpositions of Bloch states with different orbital characters induced by the electric field 11 . This process triggers the transfer of the angular momentum from the lattice to the orbital part of the electron system, and the orbital angular momentum can be further transferred to the spin part of the electrons by the spin-orbit coupling 21 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Observation of long-range orbital transport and giant orbital torque

Hayashi¹,

Jo²,

Go³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Modern spintronics relies on the generation of spin currents through spin-orbit coupling. The spin-current generation has been believed to be triggered by current-induced orbital dynamics, which governs the angular momentum transfer from the lattice to the electrons in solids. The fundamental role of the orbital response in the angular momentum dynamics suggests the importance of the orbital counterpart of spin currents: orbital currents. However, evidence for its existence has been elusive. Here, we demonstrate the generation of giant orbital currents and uncover remarkable features of the orbital response. We experimentally and theoretically show that orbital currents propagate over longer distances than spin currents by more than an order of magnitude in a ferromagnet and nonmagnets. Furthermore, we find that the orbital current enables electric manipulation of magnetization with efficiencies significantly higher than the spin counterpart. These findings open the door to orbitronics that exploits orbital transport and spin-orbital coupled dynamics in solid-state devices. Main

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“…It resembles the spin Hall effect (SHE) [1][2][3][4], but unlike the latter, it does not require spin-orbit coupling (SOC) to occur. Characteristics of the OHE and the physical mechanisms underlying it are currently under investigation [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Still, signatures of the OHE in 3D metallic systems were recently observed experimentally [11,12], paving the way for possible orbitronic applications [1,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting Higher-Order Topology with the Orbital Hall Effect in Monolayers of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

Costa¹,

Focassio²,

Cysne³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) in the 2H structural phase have been recently classified as higher-order topological insulators (HOTI), protected by C3 rotation symmetry. In addition, theoretical calculations show an orbital Hall plateau in the insulating gap of TMDs, characterized by an orbital Chern number. We explore the correlation between these two phenomena in TMD monolayers in two structural phases: the noncentrosymmetric 2H and the centrosymmetric 1T. Using density functional theory, we confirm the characteristics of 2H-TMDs and reveal that 1T-TMDs are identified by a Z4 topological invariant. As a result, when cut along appropriate directions, they host conducting edge-states, which cross their bulk energy-band gaps and can transport orbital angular momentum. Our linear response calculations thus indicate that the HOTI phase is accompanied by an orbital Hall effect. Using general symmetry arguments, we establish a connection between the two phenomena with potential implications for spin-orbitronics.

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Quantitative comparison of electrically induced spin and orbital polarizations in heavy-metal/ 3d -metal bilayers

Cited by 23 publications

References 78 publications

Theory of magnetic spin and orbital Hall and Nernst effects in bulk ferromagnets

Theory of magnetic spin and orbital Hall and Nernst effects in bulk ferromagnets

Observation of long-range orbital transport and giant orbital torque

Connecting Higher-Order Topology with the Orbital Hall Effect in Monolayers of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

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