Quantitative deposition of ultrafine stable particles in the human respiratory tract

Wilson, Frederick J. F.; Hiller, F. Charles; Wilson, John D.; Bone, Roger C.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1985.58.1.223

Cited by 33 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, the expected number of particles retained in the lung with each breath is greater for UFPs than for larger particles. We and others have confirmed the relatively high predicted deposition of UFPs in healthy people breathing at rest (Anderson et al 1990;Brown et al 2002;Daigle et al 2003;Jaques and Kim 2000;Roth et al 1994;Schiller et al 1988;Wilson et al 1985). We recently demonstrated that UFP fractional deposition increases significantly with breathing during exercise in healthy subjects (Daigle et al 2003).…”

supporting

confidence: 74%

Ultrafine particle deposition in subjects with asthma.

Chalupa

Morrow

Oberdörster

et al. 2004

Environ Health Perspect

299

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ambient air particles in the ultrafine size range (diameter < 100 nm) may contribute to the health effects of particulate matter. However, there are few data on ultrafine particle deposition during spontaneous breathing, and none in people with asthma. Sixteen subjects with mild to moderate asthma were exposed for 2 hr, by mouthpiece, to ultrafine carbon particles with a count median diameter (CMD) of 23 nm and a geometric standard deviation of 1.6. Deposition was measured during spontaneous breathing at rest (minute ventilation, 13.3 ± 2.0 L/min) and exercise (minute ventilation, 41.9 ± 9.0 L/min). The mean ± SD fractional deposition was 0.76 ± 0.05 by particle number and 0.69 ± 0.07 by particle mass concentration. The number deposition fraction increased as particle size decreased, reaching 0.84 ± 0.03 for the smallest particles (midpoint CMD = 8.7 nm). No differences between sexes were observed. The deposition fraction increased during exercise to 0.86 ± 0.04 and 0.79 ± 0.05 by particle number and mass concentration, respectively, and reached 0.93 ± 0.02 for the smallest particles. Experimental deposition data exceeded model predictions during exercise. The deposition at rest was greater in these subjects with asthma than in previously studied healthy subjects (0.76 ± 0.05 vs. 0.65 ± 0.10, p < 0.001). The efficient respiratory deposition of ultrafine particles increases further in subjects with asthma.

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 74%

Ultrafine particle deposition in subjects with asthma.

Chalupa

Morrow

Oberdörster

et al. 2004

Environ Health Perspect

299

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the respiratory dose information of ultrafine particles is scanty and variable, and thus a unilateral application of the data to health risk assessment is not warranted. Several studies have investigated total deposition of ultrafine particles in healthy human lungs under controlled breathing conditions (Tu and Knutson 1984;Wilson et al 1985;Schiller et al 1986;Anderson et al 1990;Jaques and Kim 2000;Daigle et al 2003). These studies have reported that total lung deposition increases with a decrease in particle size within the ultrafine size range, which is consistent with diffusion theory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Analysis of Total Respiratory Deposition of Inhaled Ultrafine Particles in Adult Subjects at Various Breathing Patterns

Kim

Jaques

2004

Aerosol Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ultrafine particles are ubiquitous in the ambient air, and their unique physicochemical characteristics may pose a potential health hazard. Accurate lung dose information is essential to assess a potential health risk from exposure to these particles. In the present study, we measured total respiratory tract deposition fraction (TDF) of inert ultrafine aerosols (NMD = 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10 µm and σ g 1.3) in a group of young healthy adults (11 males and 11 females). A fast-response ultrafine condensation particle counter was used for continuous monitoring of inhaling aerosols breath by breath. Six different breathing patterns were used: three different tidal volumes (V t = 500, 750, and 1000 ml) and two different flow rates for each V t . The mean respiratory time (T m ) ranged from 2 to 4 s. The measured data showed that TDF increased with a decrease in particle size, thereby an increase in diffusion coefficient (D), and with an increase in T m and V t . For a given particle size both T m and V t were almost equally influential to TDF. TDF was generally comparable for men and women at the same breathing pattern. A slight increase in TDF was noticed for women only for smaller size particles (e.g., 0.04 µm). The authors thank Paulette DeWitt of the USEPA for skillful performance of pulmonary function tests on volunteer subjects, and the medical staff of the USEPA Human Studies Facility for their careful screening of study subjects.Disclaimer: Although the research described in this article has been supported by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to Agency review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.

show abstract

“…UFPs are efficiently deposited in the human airway (Wilson et al, 1985;Jaques and Kim, 2000;Kim and Jaques, 2005), with the majority of 20-100 nm particles depositing in the respiratory bronchioles and alveoli (Bolch et al, 2001;Lazardis et al, 2001). People with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be particularly susceptible to the respiratory effects of UFPs, as deposition is greater in these individuals (Brown et al, 2002;Chalupa et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor ultrafine particle exposures and home heating systems: A cross-sectional survey of Canadian homes during the winter months

Weichenthal

Dufresne

Infante‐Rivard

et al. 2006

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exposure to airborne particulate matter has a negative effect on respiratory health in both children and adults. Ultrafine particle (UFP) exposures are of particular concern owing to their enhanced ability to cause oxidative stress and inflammation in the lungs. In this investigation, our objective was to examine the contribution of home heating systems (electric baseboard heaters, wood stoves, forced-air oil/natural gas furnace) to indoor UFP exposures. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 36 homes in the cities of Montre´al, Que´bec, and Pembroke, Ontario. Real-time measures of indoor UFP concentrations were collected in each home for approximately 14 h, and an outdoor UFP measurement was collected outside each home before indoor sampling. A home-characteristic questionnaire was also administered, and air exchange rates were estimated using carbon dioxide as a tracer gas. Average UFP exposures of 21,594 cm À3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 14,014, 29,174) and 6660 cm À3 (95% CI: 4339, 8982) were observed for the evening (1600-2400) and overnight (2400-0800) hours, respectively. In an unadjusted comparison, overnight baseline UFP exposures were significantly greater in homes with electric baseboard heaters as compared to homes using forced-air oil or natural gas furnaces, and homes using wood stoves had significantly greater overnight baseline UFP exposures than homes using forced-air natural gas furnaces. However, in multivariate models, electric oven use (b ¼ 12,253 cm À3 , 95% CI: 3524, 20,982), indoor relative humidity (b ¼ 1136 cm À3 %, 95% CI: 372, 1899), and indoor smoking (b ¼ 18,192 cm À3 , 95% CI: 2073, 34,311) were the only significant determinants of mean indoor UFP exposure, whereas air exchange rate (b ¼ 4351 cm À3 h À1 , 95% CI: 1507, 7195) and each 10,000 cm À3 increase in outdoor UFPs (b ¼ 811 cm À3 , 95% CI: 244,1377) were the only significant determinants of overnight baseline UFP exposures. In general, our findings suggest that home heating systems are not important determinants of indoor UFP exposures.

show abstract

Quantitative deposition of ultrafine stable particles in the human respiratory tract

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Ultrafine particle deposition in subjects with asthma.

Ultrafine particle deposition in subjects with asthma.

Analysis of Total Respiratory Deposition of Inhaled Ultrafine Particles in Adult Subjects at Various Breathing Patterns

Indoor ultrafine particle exposures and home heating systems: A cross-sectional survey of Canadian homes during the winter months

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About