Quantitative Determination of immunologlobuline (IgG, IgA and IgM) and identification of IgA‐type in the gingival fluid.

Abstract

Quantitative immunoglobulin determinations were performed by a single radial imrmmo‐diffusion method with verified specificity and precision. The identification of sernm‐IgA or secretory‐IgA in gingival fluid was carried out in double diffusion in gel experiments with the use of a specific anti‐serum to “secretory piece”. Gingival fluid was collected with micropipettes by capillarity from subjects with different degrees of gingival inflammation. Blood and mixed saliva were sampled from each individual at the same time. In accordance with previous studies the gingival fluid occured after irritation of the gingival tissue. The amount of the gingival fluid increased with the severity of the inflammation. The contents of the different immumoglobulins in gingival fluid conformed to those, in serum. The possible reason of a slight tendency to lower contents of IgA and IgM in gingival fluid compared to those in serum in subjects with chronically inflamed gingivae is discussed. No “secretory piece” was demonstrated in any samples of gingival fluid tested at different dilutions. The immunoglobulin A in gingival fluid was indicated to be of serum‐IgA‐type. The origin of the immunoglobulins in gingival fluid is discussed.

Comparative analysis of gingival fluid and plasma by crossed immunoelectrophoresis

“…It has been reported earlier that the concentrations of immunoglobulins in the gingival fluid is similar to that of plasma (Holmberg & Killander 1971). Our observations support this result (Table 1).…”

“…It has been held that the electrophorectic pattern obtained from gingival fluid is similar to that of serum (Cimasoni 1974, Brandtzaeg 1975, While due attention has been paid to the immunoglobulins and complement (Holmberg & Killander 1971, Shillitoe & Lehner 1972, the information about other proteins is still scanty. In a recent work, however, a major protein fraction of the gingival fluid and serum from patients with advanced periodontitis was studied (Schenkein & Genco 1977a).…”

Bacteria‐binding plasma proteins in pellicles formed on hydroxyapatite in vitro and on teeth in vivo

“…The protein concentrations used for pellicle formation were approximately half the values reported for plasma but of the same magnitude as seen in the literature for gingival crevicular fluid under normal conditions (albumin 20–25 mg/ml, fibrinogen 1–2 mg/ml, fibronectin ?0.1 mg/ml) (28, 29, 36). The concentration of IgA and IgG is reported to be of the same magnitude in plasma and the gingival crevicular fluid; 1.5 and 10 mg/ml, respectively (14, 20). Thus, the protein concentrations used for coating in no case exceeded the concentrations found in vivo .…”

An in vivo model for the identification of serum proteins in the acquired subgingival pellicle

“…A number of previous studies have reported that serum proteins, including those studied in the present investigation, are present in the gingival fiuid in varying amounts (Shillitoe & Lehner 1972, Toffefsen & Saltvedt 1980, Brantzaeg 1965, Holmberg & Killander 1971. However, the reported findings in the literature show that the relative concentration of IgG to IgA in the gingival fiuid is 8:1, and that the concentration of albumin and IgG are comparable (Brantzaeg 1965).…”