Quantitative determination of salivary components in the pellicle on PMMA denture base material

Abstract

The formation of a salivary pellicle is a protective mechanism of the body for all surfaces in the oral cavity. The nature of the substrate may influence the composition of the pellicle. The aim of this study was to investigate the quantitative composition and individual variation of the salivary pellicle formed on denture base material (PMMA). Cylindrical specimens of PMMA were carried in the mouth and then desorbed with a 0.5-M sodium chloride solution. The solution was analysed for total protein, alpha-amylase, total proteases, protease inhibitors, secretory immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, peroxidases, thiocyanate, lysozyme, and calcium content. All investigated salivary components could be found unequivocally in the desorption solution, indicating that a salivary pellicle had formed on the surface of the PMMA. Large coefficients of variation indicate large individual variations in the adsorbed amounts. The data also point to large intraindividual variations for the bound salivary components. Only the protease inhibitors revealed a strong positive correlation of the bound activity to the salivary activity. It is hypothesised that differences in the bound amounts of antimicrobial components might influence the microbial colonisation of denture bases and that protease inhibitors could be meaningful for the spread of the yeast Candida albicans from denture base material to the oral mucosa and thus might be an explanation for different susceptibility to denture base stomatitis.

Effect of pH and Addition of Salt on the Adsorption Behavior of Lysozyme on Gold, Silica, and Titania Surfaces Observed by Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation Monitoring

“…Against this backdrop, the development of self-cleaning dental materials, on which some antibacterial agents are effectively accumulated, is highly desired and eagerly awaited. In this strategy, it is also important to have a good understanding of the adsorption phenomena on both dental materials and teeth [1][2][3] . Adsorbates may range from small organic adhesive monomers 4,5) to large polymers 6) or cells 7) , and the mechanisms underlying adsorption are diverse.…”

Adsorption behavior of antimicrobial peptide histatin 5 on PMMA

“…Denture-induced stomatitis is a common intraoral disease, which is associated with high levels of Candida albicans ( C. albicans) adhesion and biofilm formation to a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base 1,2,3 . Candida biofilms on PMMA were mostly blastophores with very few hyphal forms.…”

New phosphated poly(methyl methacrylate) polymers for the prevention of denture-induced microbial infection: an in vitro study

“…Salivary antimicrobials including histatins and defensins are strongly adsorbed onto the enamel surface primarily by ionic interactions, thereby serving as receptors to mediate microbial interaction and their clearance. 4,5,17,19 Natural salivary defense functions mediated by the tooth enamel surface will be hampered when the tooth surface is replaced by a PMMA denture that has no ionic surface to adsorb antimicrobials. Thus, the PMMA denture surface becomes vulnerable to microbial adhesion and colonization.…”

“…[1][2][3] Salivary antimicrobials such as defensins and histatins are cationic peptides, and they are strongly adsorbed onto the tooth surface by electrostatic interaction. 4 Absence of an anionic surface on PMMA minimizes the adsorption of defense molecules on the denture surface. This may facilitate the adherence of C. albicans and other pathogens leading to Candidaassociated denture stomatitis, a complex condition with a multifactorial etiology.…”

“…This may facilitate the adherence of C. albicans and other pathogens leading to Candidaassociated denture stomatitis, a complex condition with a multifactorial etiology. [4][5][6][7][8][9] This chronic inflammatory condition is prevalent among prosthesis users particularly the elderly and institutionalized. Treatment of this clinical condition is problematic because of incomplete disinfection of the acrylic surface and rapid microbial recolonization.…”