Quantitative Differences in β/A4 Protein Subtypes in the Parahippocampal Gyrus and Frontal Cortex in Alzheimer's Disease

Armstrong, Richard A.

doi:10.1159/000106686

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Both Aß plaques and neurofibrillary tangles were found concentrated in sulcal fundi compared with gyral crowns. This confirms previous observations on the distribution of plaques made by several groups including our own and extends it toward the distribution of neurofibrillary tangles which had not been analyzed systematically before. A preferential involvement of sulcal fundi with both tau pathology and Aß pathology has similarly been observed in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) where it may result from stress concentration at the sulcal depth following trauma .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Inhomogeneous distribution of Alzheimer pathology along the isocortical relief. Are cortical convolutions an Achilles heel of evolution?

et al. 2016

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is neuropathologically characterized by neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Progression of both plaques and tangles throughout the brain follows a hierarchical distribution which is defined by intrinsic cytoarchitectonic features and extrinsic connectivity patterns. What has less well been studied is how cortical convolutions influence the distribution of AD pathology. Here, the distribution of both plaques and tangles within subsulcal gyral components (fundi) to components forming their top regions at the subarachnoidal brain surface (crowns) by stereological methods in seven different cortical areas was systematically compared. Further, principle differences in cytoarchitectonic organization of cortical crowns and fundi that might provide the background for regionally selective vulnerability were attempted to identify. It was shown that both plaques and tangles were more prominent in sulcal fundi than gyri crowns. The differential distribution of pathology along convolutions corresponds to subgyral differences in the vascular network, GFAP-positive astrocytes and intracortical and subcortical connectivity. While the precise mechanisms accounting for these differences remain open, the presence of systematic inhomogeneities in the distribution of AD pathology along cortical convolutions indicates that the phylogenetic shaping of the cortex is associated with features that render the human brain vulnerable to AD pathology.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Inhomogeneous distribution of Alzheimer pathology along the isocortical relief. Are cortical convolutions an Achilles heel of evolution?

et al. 2016

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“…Third, the pattern of Ap deposits may be related to another feature of the cortex. Hence, some of the larger clusters may be associated with the tendency for Ap deposit densities to be greater in the superficial corti cal laminae in sulci than gvri [35], In addition, neurofi brillary tangles [33] and arterioles [36] show evidence of a repeating pattern along the cortex. However.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spatial Pattern of Discrete β-Amyloid Deposits in Alzheimers Disease Reflects Synaptic Disconnection

Armstrong

1996

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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The spatial pattern of discrete β-amyloid (Aβ) deposits was studied in the superficial laminae of cortical fields of different types and in the hippocampus in 6 cases of Alzheimer''s disease (AD). In 41/42 tissues examined, discrete Aβ deposits were aggregated into clusters and in 34/41 tissues (25/34 of the cortical tissues), there was evidence for a regular periodicity of the Aβ deposit clusters parallel to the tissue boundary. The dimensions of the clusters varied from 400 to > 12,800 µm in different tissues. Although the Aβ deposit clusters were larger than predicted, the regular periodicity suggests that they develop in relation to groups of cells associated with specific projections. This would be consistent with the hypothesis that the distribution of discrete Aβ deposits in AD could reflect progressive synaptic disconnection along interconnected neuronal pathways. This implies that amyloid deposition could be a response to, rather than a cause of, synaptic disconnection in AD.

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“…Multiple studies have shown that this area is affected by schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) 24–30 . For example, in schizophrenia subjects, a reduction of gray matter in this region has been found 31 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Geometric-Intensity-Based Semi-Automated Delineation of the Tentorium Cerebelli from MRI Scans

Penumetcha

Kabadi

Jedynak

et al. 2011

Journal of Neuroimaging

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This paper describes a feasibility study of a method for delineating the tentorium cerebelli in MRI brain scans. The tentorium cerebelli is a thin sheet of dura matter covering the cerebellum and separating it from the posterior part of the temporal lobe and the occipital lobe of the cerebral hemispheres. Cortical structures such as the parahippocampal gyrus can be indistinguishable from tentorium in MPRAGE and T1 weighted magnetic resonance image scans. Similar intensities in these neighboring regions make it difficult to perform accurate cortical analysis in neuroimaging studies of schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. A semi-automated, geometric, intensity-based procedure for delineating the tentorium from a whole brain scan is described. Initial and final curves are traced within the tentorium. A cost function, based on intensity and Euclidean distance, is computed between the two curves using the Fast Marching method. The initial curve is then evolved to the final curve based on the gradient of the computed costs, generating a series of intermediate curves. These curves are then used to generate a triangulated surface of the tentorium. For three scans, surfaces were found to be within 2 voxels from hand-segmentations.

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Quantitative Differences in β/A4 Protein Subtypes in the Parahippocampal Gyrus and Frontal Cortex in Alzheimer's Disease

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Inhomogeneous distribution of Alzheimer pathology along the isocortical relief. Are cortical convolutions an Achilles heel of evolution?

Inhomogeneous distribution of Alzheimer pathology along the isocortical relief. Are cortical convolutions an Achilles heel of evolution?

The Spatial Pattern of Discrete β-Amyloid Deposits in Alzheimers Disease Reflects Synaptic Disconnection

Feasibility of Geometric-Intensity-Based Semi-Automated Delineation of the Tentorium Cerebelli from MRI Scans

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