Quantitative Evaluation of the Facial Morphology of a Tolteca Figurine from Mexico using Geometric Morphometric Approaches

Starbuck, John M.

doi:10.4067/s0717-95022014000200021

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…More detailed explanations regarding how geometric morphometrics can be applied to analyse shape variance in artistic, forensic and archaeological images of the face can be found in the following: Hayes and Milne (2011) for frontal portraits, Hayes and Tullberg (2012) for witness descriptions of suspects and Starbuck (2014) for morphological variance in archaeological figurines.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation and Likeness in Ambient Artistic Portraiture

Hayes

Rheinberger

Powley³

et al. 2018

Perception

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An artist-led exploration of portrait accuracy and likeness involved 12 Artists producing 12 portraits referencing a life-size 3D print of the same Sitter. The works were assessed during a public exhibition, and the resulting likeness assessments were compared to portrait accuracy as measured using geometric morphometrics (statistical shape analysis). Our results are that, independently of the assessors' prior familiarity with the Sitter's face, the likeness judgements tended to be higher for less morphologically accurate portraits. The two highest rated were the portrait that most exaggerated the Sitter's distinctive features, and a portrait that was a more accurate (but not the most accurate) depiction. In keeping with research showing photograph likeness assessments involve recognition, we found familiar assessors rated the two highest ranked portraits even higher than those with some or no familiarity. In contrast, those lacking prior familiarity with the Sitter's face showed greater favour for the portrait with the highest morphological accuracy, and therefore most likely engaged in face-matching with the exhibited 3D print. Furthermore, our research indicates that abstraction in portraiture may not enhance likeness, and we found that when our 12 highly diverse portraits were statistically averaged, this resulted in a portrait that is more morphologically accurate than any of the individual artworks comprising the average.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation and Likeness in Ambient Artistic Portraiture

Hayes

Rheinberger

Powley³

et al. 2018

Perception

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show abstract

“…So the method has some instability. Starbuck [7] extracted localized facial feature points of the Tolteca statue using a geometric morphometric approach. It was obtained consistent with the facial features of Down syndrome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A method of extracting outer eye corners of terra cotta warriors based on point cloud data

Cheng¹,

Liu²

2023

Third International Conference on Image Processing and Intelligent Control (IPIC 2023)

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The Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the First Qin Emperor are a highly prized relic in China and the world. Some people believe that the Terracotta Warriors are a realistic representation of the Qin dynasty, while others feel that the Terracotta Warriors are the result of artistic re-creation. Therefore, in order to verify the "realism" of the terracotta warriors and horses, the degree of resemblance between the terracotta warriors and real people was quantified. The representative points of the outer corners of the eyes on the head and face of the terracotta warriors are selected. The method of extracting feature points based on the cross-sectional line of approximation is proposed using point cloud data. The method is based on the approximation method of cross-sectional line extraction, which is more accurate and easier to calculate by converting 3D into 2D. The final experimental results show that the curvature of the outer corner points of the terracotta warriors and the curvature pattern of the real eyes basically match. The method verifies that the facial features of terracotta warriors are highly correlated with those of real people. At the same time, the "realistic" nature of the terracotta warriors is demonstrated.

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Statistical analysis of the differences of head and face features between terracotta warriors and modern multi ethnic groups based on 3D information extraction

Wang

Lan³

2021

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The terracotta warriors excavated from Qin Shihuang’s mausoleum are precious materials of the Qin Dynasty. They have great historical, scientific and artistic research value and are considered to be the true portrayal of the Qin people. In anthropology, the measurement of head and face features is one of the important means to analyze the ethnic relationship. In this paper, the 3D laser scanner is used to collect the high-precision 3D point cloud data of the terracotta warriors, extract the head and face features of the terracotta warriors, and variance analyze (ANOVA) and cluster analysis with the collected head and face features of 29 modern ethnic groups. Variance analysis shows that there is no significant difference between the terracotta warriors and modern people in the shape of morphological facial length, bizygomatic breadth, nose height, the height of mucons lips, and mouth breadth. Cluster analysis based on head and face features shows that the terracotta warriors belong to the same group with 10 ethnic groups including Mongolian, and they have more similar head and face features.

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Quantitative Evaluation of the Facial Morphology of a Tolteca Figurine from Mexico using Geometric Morphometric Approaches

Cited by 4 publications

References 40 publications

Variation and Likeness in Ambient Artistic Portraiture

Variation and Likeness in Ambient Artistic Portraiture

A method of extracting outer eye corners of terra cotta warriors based on point cloud data

Statistical analysis of the differences of head and face features between terracotta warriors and modern multi ethnic groups based on 3D information extraction

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